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경로(신산업) 창출(Path creation)의 신지역정책: 진화경제지리학의 성과를 중심으로

Regional Policy of Path Creation and Evolutionary Economic Geography

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한국공간환경학회 (The Korean Association Of Space And Environment Research)|2019.06|공간과 사회 (Space and Environment)|제29권 제2호|pp. 214-245|DOI 10.19097/kaser.2019.29.2.214

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키워드

신산업 창출진화경제지리학Unrelated varietyRelated variety연관 다각화비연관 다각화지역산업 혁신 정책New industry creationEvolutionary economic geographyRegional industrial innovation policy
주제분류지리학

초록

이 글은 신산업 또는 새로운 발전경로(path creation)는 어떻게 발생하고 다각화해 나가는가, 이 역량은 지역별로 왜 다르고 신경로를 창출하기 위해서는 어떤전략이 필요한 것인가를 최근의 진화 경제지리학(Evolutionary Economic Geography) 의 성과를 통해 검토하고 그 시사점을 논의한다. 새로운 산업은 지역 내기술 관련성과 산업의 연관 다양성이 클수록 발생하기 쉽다. 그러나 연관 다각화가 지역 신산업 창출의 유일한 길은 아니다. 덴마크 풍력산업의 사례나 미국의실리콘 밸리 등 현실 세계에는 많은 비관련 다각화의 사례가 존재하기 때문이다. 특히 비관련 다각화는 장기적 지역발전과 새로운 경로의 창출에 기여한다. 이런점에서 우리나라 지역산업 혁신 정책은 클러스터론을 넘어 신산업 창출의 진화경제지리학의 성과를 적극 수용할 필요가 있다. 기존에는 승자선택(picking winner) 식 전략산업 육성 정책을 추구했으나 지금은 관련 부문 간의 연계와 비관련 부문간 지식의 재조합을 지원하는 혁신정책이 필요하다.

Abstract

This article studies how new industries or new path creation occur and diversify, and how this capacity is different between regions and what strategies are needed to create new path creation through surveying recent Evolutionary Economic Geography’s works and discuss its implications. New industries are more likely to occur as technology-related and industry-related variety increased in the region. Related variety is important to solving ‘chicken and egg’ dilemma. Related variety principle can minimize the risk. However, related variety is not the only way to create regional new path . This is because there are many examples of unrelated variety in the real world such as the case of the Danish wind industry or the Silicon Valley of the United States. In particular, non-related variety contributes to long-term regional development and creation of new path. In this respect, it is necessary for Korea’s regional industrial innovation policy to actively accept the achievements of evolutionary economic geography. Until now, Korean regional industrial policies have pursued a strategy of picking winner strategies, but now we need innovation policies that support the linkage between related sectors and the reorganization of knowledge between non-related sectors.

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