벼에서 생리적 질소이용효율의 품종간 변이와 농업형질과의 관계
Genotypic Variation of Physiological Nitrogen Use Efficiency and its Relationship with Agronomic Characters in Rice
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벼에서 생리적 질소이용효율(PNUE; 정조수량/지상부질소함량)이 높은 품종육성을 위한 정보를 얻고자 지리적 기원과 농업적 특성이 다양한 32개 품종을 질소시비를 달리하여 재배하 고 PNUE의 품종간 변이 및 그와 작물학적 특성간의 관계 등을 분석한 결과를 요약하면 아래와 같다. 1. 품종들의 PNUE는 질소보비조건에서는 24.5~64.4, 질소 무비조건에서는 40.6~84.0의 변이를 보였고, 재래품종보다 육성품종들에서 높았지만 indica, japonica, 열대 japonica 품종 군 간에는 차이가 없었다. 2. PNUE는 질소보비 및 무비 조건에서 수확지수, 정조수량,수당립수와 고도로 유의한 정의상관을 보였고, 경로계수분석결과 정조수량이 PNUE에 대한 직접기여도가 가장 크게 나타 났다. 3. PNUE는 질소무처리구에서 가장 높게 나타났고 질소시비 수준이 높아질수록 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 질소시비 30 kg/10a의 과용시에는 품종간 차이가 미미하였다. 4. F2에서 개체수량으로 선발하여 계통화한 F3 계통간에는 PNUE 차이가 없어서 육종시 PNUE에 대한 직접선발이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
This study was carried out to evaluate the variation of physiological nitrogen use efficiency (PNUE=grains yield/totalnitrogen content of shoot)) in rice varieties under different nitrogen (N) fertilizer levels, and to investigate the relationship of PNUEwith agronomic characters in order to obtain the basic information for breeding lines of high PNUE. PNUE of rice varieties rangedfrom 24.5 to 64.4 and from 40.6 to 84.0 under medium N and non N fertilizer levels, respectively. PNUE was significantly higher inimproved varieties than in unimproved local varieties, and was not different among varietal groups such as indica, temperate japon-ica, and tropical japonica. PNUE was significantly correlated with harvest index, grain yield and number of grains per panicle, andlizerlevel, and decreased by the increment of N fertilizer levels. Under heavy input of N fertilizer of 30 kg/10a, varietal differencebecame negligible. There was no difference in PNUE among F3 lines derived from F2 by selection for grain yield, indicating thatdirection selection for PNUE should be needed in breeding program for high PNUE.
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