국내 일대잡종 수수 품종개발을 위한 잡종강세 및 조합능력 검정
Heterosis and Combining Ability of F1 Hybrid Grain Sorghum in Korea (Sorghum bicolor L.)
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A few inbred grain-sorghum varieties were developed and grown in Korea and they all have low productivity. Hybrid cultivars have been demonstrated to be more productive and resistive to unfavorable environmental conditions than pure line varieties. However, few studied have been conducted on hybrid sorghum in Korea; therefore, information on combining ability of landraces based on parental materials is needed for hybrid breeding program to increase production. This study was conducted to determine the combining ability of Korean landrace sorghum varieties and cultivars. Two cytoplasmic male-sterile lines (A.Arg-1, A03017) were crossed with 13 male-fertile lines to generate 26 experimental hybrids. The hybrids were evaluated at Daegu and Miryang in Korea in 2018. Grain sorghum hybrids were planted with three replicate and standard agronomic practices were followed at both sites. There were significant (P=0.001) variation among genotypes for yield and secondary traits. For each trait, general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were estimated using the line-tester method. The positive heterosis for grain yield was observed in hybrid. The A03017 × Sodamchal hybrids exhibiting better parent heterosis of up to 54.1%. The lines 18AYT-S04 and Sodamchal displayed significant and positive GCA effects for grain yield, and A03017 × Sodamchal crosses showed positive and greatest SCA effects. The crosses, A.Arg-1 × 18OYT-S17, A.Arg-1 × Sodamchal and A.Arg-1 × 18OYT-S01, had high grain yield value with waxy endosperm, would be recommended for produced and used in grain sorghum breeding program in Korea.
Abstract
A few inbred grain-sorghum varieties were developed and grown in Korea and they all have low productivity. Hybrid cultivars have been demonstrated to be more productive and resistive to unfavorable environmental conditions than pure line varieties. However, few studied have been conducted on hybrid sorghum in Korea; therefore, information on combining ability of landraces based on parental materials is needed for hybrid breeding program to increase production. This study was conducted to determine the combining ability of Korean landrace sorghum varieties and cultivars. Two cytoplasmic male-sterile lines (A.Arg-1, A03017) were crossed with 13 male-fertile lines to generate 26 experimental hybrids. The hybrids were evaluated at Daegu and Miryang in Korea in 2018. Grain sorghum hybrids were planted with three replicate and standard agronomic practices were followed at both sites. There were significant (P=0.001) variation among genotypes for yield and secondary traits. For each trait, general combining ability (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA) effects were estimated using the line-tester method. The positive heterosis for grain yield was observed in hybrid. The A03017 × Sodamchal hybrids exhibiting better parent heterosis of up to 54.1%. The lines 18AYT-S04 and Sodamchal displayed significant and positive GCA effects for grain yield, and A03017 × Sodamchal crosses showed positive and greatest SCA effects. The crosses, A.Arg-1 × 18OYT-S17, A.Arg-1 × Sodamchal and A.Arg-1 × 18OYT-S01, had high grain yield value with waxy endosperm, would be recommended for produced and used in grain sorghum breeding program in Korea.
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