딸기 인공 수분시 화분 활력 및 암술의 수정 능력이 결실률에 미치는 영향
Effects of Pollen Viability and Pistil Receptivity on Seed Set for Artificial Pollination in Strawberry
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Abstract
In order to promote the efficiency of strawberry breeding programs, pollen viability of strawberry, ‘Seolhyang’ was investigated using the fluorochromatic reaction test and seed set under controlled environment. Pistil receptivity was also assessed by hand pollination. Four varieties including ‘Maehyang’ were used for the test of pistil receptivity with ‘Seolhyang’ as a pollen parent. Pollen viability remained high for several days under dry conditions as below 33% relative humidity while the greatest loss of viability occurred at 76% relative humidity. The viability was rapidly decreased at high humidity and almost all grains were unviable in 7 days after storage. Pollen viability does not appear to be drastically reduced if the relative humidity is low. Therefore, humidity is more important factor than temperature for the pollen viability in Fragaria×ananassa. The rate of seed set by hand pollination lasted higher than the average of 77.2% from 2 to 8 days after emasculation when the daily average temperature was around 15℃ in plastic house. It began to decline gradually from 10 days and had decreased dramatically after 12 days except several cultivars. Based on the daily mean accumulated temperature, it is recommended to have an artificial pollination between the range of 45 ~ 140℃ after the emasculation to increase the rate of seed set in strawberry.
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