Cooperative Learning as an Organized Instruction in English Learning
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study utilized cooperative learning based on the premise that allowing English language learners to work together broadens their range of interactive learning opportunities, fosters communication skills, develops social skills, and enhances their self-esteem. This study of 50 freshmen in a university tested two hypotheses related to oral language, social skills and self-esteem. The sample consisted of 25 participants in the treatment group and 25 in the control group. The treatment group received one semester of cooperative learning as an organizational design in the acquisition of English as a foreign language for two hours every week. However, the control group received the teacher-centered instruction without interaction and communication between teacher and students. Oral language was assessed by comparing pretest scores with posttest scores. Test results showed that all student scores in the treatment group were raised a level in posttest over pretest scores. The control group showed no student scores were raised a level in posttest over pretest scores.
Abstract
This study utilized cooperative learning based on the premise that allowing English language learners to work together broadens their range of interactive learning opportunities, fosters communication skills, develops social skills, and enhances their self-esteem. This study of 50 freshmen in a university tested two hypotheses related to oral language, social skills and self-esteem. The sample consisted of 25 participants in the treatment group and 25 in the control group. The treatment group received one semester of cooperative learning as an organizational design in the acquisition of English as a foreign language for two hours every week. However, the control group received the teacher-centered instruction without interaction and communication between teacher and students. Oral language was assessed by comparing pretest scores with posttest scores. Test results showed that all student scores in the treatment group were raised a level in posttest over pretest scores. The control group showed no student scores were raised a level in posttest over pretest scores.
참고문헌 (24)
- Choi,Y, "A study of self-assessment portfolios to influence upon English listening learning of university students", Foreign Language Education, 5(2), pp.73~90 (1999)
- Beyer, L. E, "The curriculum: Problems, politics, and possibilities" (1998), State University of New York Press
- Brown,H.D, "Teaching by principles: An interactive approach to language pedagogy" (2001), Pearson Education
- Calderon,M, "Cooperative learning for bilingual settings, In Compendium of reading in bilingual education: Issues and practices", pp.95~103 (1994), Texas Association for Bilingual Education
- Celce-Murcia, M, "Teaching English as a second or foreign language" (2001), Heinle & Heinle
- Crandall,J, "Cooperative language learning and affective factors, In Affect in language learning", pp.226~245 (1999), Cambridge University Press
- Fromkin, V, "An introduction to language" (2003), Thomson Heinle
- Harley, B, "The development of second language proficiency" (1990), Cambridge University Press
- Herrell,A, "Fifty strategies for teaching English language learners", pp.2000, Merill
- Johnson, D. W, "Learning together and alone: Cooperative, competitive and individualistic learning" (1994), Allyn and Beacon
- Johnson, D. W, "The new circles of learning: Cooperation in the classroom and school" (1994), Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development
- Kagan,S, "Cooperative learning" (1994), Kagan
- Kliebard,H.M, "The struggle for the American curriculum, 1893-1958" (1986), Routledge and Kegan Paul
- Lee, J. F, "Making communicative language teaching happen" (1995), McGraw Hill
- Lightbown, P, "How languages are learned" (1999), Oxford University Press
- Mitchell, R, "Second language learning theories" (1998), Oxford University Press
- Nieto,S, "What keeps teachers going" (2003), Teachers College Press
- Oxford,R, "Cooperative learning, collaborative learning, and interaction: Three communicative strands in the language classroom", Modern Language Journal, 81, pp.443~456 (1997)
- Richard-Amato,P, "Making it happen: Interaction in the second language classroom" (2003), Longman
- Richard, J, "Methodology in language teaching: An anthology of current practice" (2002), Cambridge University Press
- Schmuck, R. A, "Group processes in the classroom" (1992), Brown
- Slavin,R.E, "Cooperative learning: Theory, research, and practice" (1990), Allyn and Beacon
- Spring,J, "American education" (2006), McGraw Hill
- Wink,J, "Critical pedagogy: Notes form the real world" (2000), Addison-Wesley Longman
