Apology Strategies for Junior College Learners of English: Perceptions and Syntactic Patterns
0
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study investigates the understanding or degree of apology strategies for junior college learners of English in different situations. 132 junior college students who studied English Conversation course responded to the apology questionnaires of ten items. First, the self-assessment questionnaire (SAQ) which was modified from the previous study displayed students’ perception of apology responses. The SAQ test showed the dependent variables in six items: closeness, social distance, seriousness, need of apology, likeness accepting apology, gaining or losing face. The items 1 and 2 indicate that the participants feel strong closeness between the interlocutors, and their social distances are close regardless of different apology situations. In items 3 to 6, all apology situations are somewhat serious regardless of strong or weak degree of apology. The possibility is relatively high in likeness of accepting apology for a speaker, and the interlocutors feel gaining or losing face after exchanging of telling mistakes in all apology situations. Second, In the DCT items, there are five types of syntactic pattern that are mostly dominated for the use of apology in five situations: “S+V+C,” “intensifiers,” “infinitive,” “for phrase,” “that clause.”
Abstract
This study investigates the understanding or degree of apology strategies for junior college learners of English in different situations. 132 junior college students who studied English Conversation course responded to the apology questionnaires of ten items. First, the self-assessment questionnaire (SAQ) which was modified from the previous study displayed students’ perception of apology responses. The SAQ test showed the dependent variables in six items: closeness, social distance, seriousness, need of apology, likeness accepting apology, gaining or losing face. The items 1 and 2 indicate that the participants feel strong closeness between the interlocutors, and their social distances are close regardless of different apology situations. In items 3 to 6, all apology situations are somewhat serious regardless of strong or weak degree of apology. The possibility is relatively high in likeness of accepting apology for a speaker, and the interlocutors feel gaining or losing face after exchanging of telling mistakes in all apology situations. Second, In the DCT items, there are five types of syntactic pattern that are mostly dominated for the use of apology in five situations: “S+V+C,” “intensifiers,” “infinitive,” “for phrase,” “that clause.”
참고문헌 (31)
- Beebe, L. M., "Pragmatic transfer in ESL refusals, In Developing communicative competence in a second language", pp.55~94 (1990), Newbury House Publishers
- Blum-Kulka, S., "Investigating cross-cultural pragmatics: An introductory overview, In Cross-cultural Pragmatics: Requests and Apologies", pp.1~34 (1989), Albex Publishing
- Blum-Kulka, S., "Too many words: Length of utterance and pragmatic failure", Studies in Second Language Acquisition, 8, pp.165~179 (1986)
- Brown, P., "Politeness: Some universals in language usage" (1987), Cambridge University Press
- Cohen, A., "Developing a measure of sociocultural competence: The case of apology", Language Learning, 31(1), pp.113~134 (1981)
- Cohen, J. R., "Advising clients to apologize", Southern California Law Review, 72, pp.1009~1069 (1999)
- Fraser, B., "On apologizing, In Conversational routine", pp.259~271 (1981), Mouton
- Gass, S., "Second language acquisition: An introductory course" (2001), Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc
- Goffman, E., "Relations in public" (1971), Basic Books
- 한천영, "호텔, 관광 영어에 나타난 간접화행", 언어연구, 23(3), pp.521~540 (2007), 한국현대언어학회
- Hendriks, B., "More on Dutch English, please? A study of request performance by Dutch native speakers: English native speakers and Dutch learners of English" (2002), Nijmegen University Press
- Developing prototypic measures of cross-cultural pragmatics, "Hudson, T.", University of Hawaii, Second Language Teaching & Curriculum Center, ~, pp.Technical Report #7 (1995)
- Jang Younghee, "High school English: Activities" (2010), Neungyoul Gyoyook Publishing Co
- 전정미, "사과행위의 표현 양상", 담화와 인지, 13(3), pp.167~188 (2006), 담화·인지언어학회
- Jeong, Eun Joo, "New Practical English 1" (2013), Hanol (한올출판사)
- Jung-HaJo, "An Analysis of the Strategies and Gender-based Features of Apologies of Korean NNSs and English NSs", 영어교육연구, 14(1), pp.47~70 (2002), 팬코리아영어교육학회
- Jung, Euen Hyuk, "The Study of Korean ESL Learners' Verbal Acts and Its Pedagogical Implications", 영어교육, 59(1), pp.235~250 (2004), 한국영어교육학회
- Kasper, G., "Pragmatics in language teaching, In Pragmatics in language teaching", pp.1~12 (2001), Cambridge University Press
- Kim, In-Ok, "variation in performing apologies: In relation with language input and cultural identity", Journal of the Applied Linguistics Association of Korea, 16(2), pp.23~46 (2000)
- Kim Sunggon, "High School English 1" (2009), (주)두산
- Lee Chanseung, "High school English: Activities" (2009), Neungyoul Gyoyook Publishing Co
- Lightbown, P., "How languages are learned" (1999), Oxford University Press
- Olshtain E., "The learning of complex speech act behavior", TESL Canada Journal, 7(2), pp.45~65 (1990)
- Olshtain, E., "Interlanguage features of the speech act of complaining, In Interlanguage pragmatics", pp.108~122 (1993), Oxford University Press
- Richards, J. C., "Interchange: Student's book 2" (2005), Cambridge University Press
- Rose, K. R., "Inductive and deductive teaching of compliments and compliment responses, In Pragmatics in language teaching", pp.145~170 (2001), Cambridge University Press
- Sbisà, M., "The room for negotiation in apologizing: Evidence from the Italian speech act of scusarsi", Paper at The International Conference Pragma 99 “Pragmatics and Negotiation,” Tel Aviv and Jerusalem (1999)
- 심재황, "A Study of Alerter Strategy of Pragmatic Competence on Request in EFL College Learners", 응용언어학, 25(1), pp.349~369 (2009), 한국응용언어학회
- 심재황, "A Study of Apology Strategies between Genders in EFL College Students", 영어어문교육, 15(2), pp.225~243 (2009), 한국영어어문교육학회
- 심재황, "A Study on Social Distance between Apology Strategies of Korean College Learners", 영어영문학21, 24(2), pp.275~297 (2011), 21세기영어영문학회
- 심재황, "A Study of Supportive Moves on Request for Korean EFL Students", 영어영문학21, 21(1), pp.207~229 (2008), 21세기영어영문학회