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『마블폰』에 나타난 생태의식

Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Ecological Consciousness in The Marble Faun

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The purpose of this thesis is to study the ecological consciousness of Hawthorne in the The Marble Faun. The Marble Faun is a masterpiece which shows Hawthorne's ecological insight that was backed up by the period of his background while he was staying in Europe and the mental wandering throughout his life during his four great masterpieces. The ecological approach that The Marble Faun displays is regarded to be helpful for overturning the situational development and the motive of change in ecological thinking. The masterpiece is responsible for rediscovering the value of ecological symbiosis. The former part of the masterpiece can be seen as the process of Miryam, Donatello murder in Rome and move to Montebeni recovering natural characteristic and waking up ecological awareness. Hawthorne adopts Montebeni's natural characteristic for recovering humanity of degenerated Donatello by murdering. The last part of the work goes on with an indirect corruption from also Kenyon and Hilda's murdering. However, Kenyon gets along with farmers visiting Montebeni and starts to get ecological awareness while enjoying the pastoral environment. In conclusion, even though The Marble Faun was written in the 19th century when environmental corruption and ecological crisis were not as serious as these days, we could identify that Hawthorne was one novelist who evoked ecological awareness through his masterpiece.

Abstract

The purpose of this thesis is to study the ecological consciousness of Hawthorne in the The Marble Faun. The Marble Faun is a masterpiece which shows Hawthorne's ecological insight that was backed up by the period of his background while he was staying in Europe and the mental wandering throughout his life during his four great masterpieces. The ecological approach that The Marble Faun displays is regarded to be helpful for overturning the situational development and the motive of change in ecological thinking. The masterpiece is responsible for rediscovering the value of ecological symbiosis. The former part of the masterpiece can be seen as the process of Miryam, Donatello murder in Rome and move to Montebeni recovering natural characteristic and waking up ecological awareness. Hawthorne adopts Montebeni's natural characteristic for recovering humanity of degenerated Donatello by murdering. The last part of the work goes on with an indirect corruption from also Kenyon and Hilda's murdering. However, Kenyon gets along with farmers visiting Montebeni and starts to get ecological awareness while enjoying the pastoral environment. In conclusion, even though The Marble Faun was written in the 19th century when environmental corruption and ecological crisis were not as serious as these days, we could identify that Hawthorne was one novelist who evoked ecological awareness through his masterpiece.

참고문헌 (25)

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  2. 박양근, "나사니엘 호손의 주홍글자의 생태학적 글쓰기와 글읽기 in 나사니엘 호손의 주홍글자 연구", pp.25~41 (2000), 한신문화사
  3. Barnett, Gene A, "Hawthorne's Italian Towers", Studies in Romanticism, 3(4), pp.252~256 (1964)
  4. Bookchin,Murray, "The Ecology of Freedom: The Emergence and Dissolution of Hierarchy" (1982), Cheshire
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  7. Carson,Rachel, "Silent Spring" (1962), Houghton
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  9. Crueea, Susan M, "Romancing The Ladies: Hawthorne's Response to the Women Movement", Bowling Green State U, ~ (2004), UMI Number: 3114937
  10. Elbert, Monika, "The Surveillance of Woman's Body in Hawthorne's Short Stories", Women's Studies, 33, pp.23~46 (2004)
  11. Friedman,Robert S, "Hawthorne's Romances: Social Drama and the Metaphor of Geometry" (2000), Harwood Academic
  12. Glotfelty, Cheryll, "The Ecocriticism Reader: Landmarks in Literary Ecology" (1996), U of Georgia P
  13. Howard, David, "The Fortunate Fall and Hawthorne's The Marble Faun in Romantic Mythologies", pp.97~134 (1967), Routledge
  14. Kennedy-Andrews, Elmer, "Nathaniel Hawthorne: The Scarlet Letter" (1999), Icon
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  16. Leverenz,David, "The Ambivalent Narrator of The Scarlet Letter in The Scarlet Letter" (1988), Norton
  17. Hawthorne, Nathaniel, "The Marble Faun. The Centenary Edition of the Works Nathaniel Hawthorne" (1962), Ohio State UP
  18. Hawthorne, Nathaniel, "The English Notebooks" (1941), MLA
  19. Hawthorne, Nathaniel, "The Complete Works of Nathaniel Hawthorne" (1882), Mifflin
  20. Marx,Leo, "The Machine in the Garden: Technology and the Pastoral in America" (1967), Oxford UP
  21. Milton R. Stern, "Context for Hawthorne: The Marble Faun and The Politics of Openness and Closure in American Literature" (1991), U. of Illinois P
  22. Putz, Manfred, "Richard Brautigan: Pastorals of and for the Self in The Story of Identity: American Fiction of the Sixties", pp.105~129 (1979), J. B. Metzlersch Verlagsbuchhandlung
  23. Sanders, Scott Russell, "Speaking a Word for Nature", Glotfelty and Fromm, 182~195
  24. Smith, A. G, "Writing and Sexuality in Hawthorne's Fiction" (1984), Barnes
  25. Slovic, Scott, "Nature Writing and Environmental Psychology", Glotfelty and Fromm, 351~370

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