「키클롭스」장에서 희생양 블룸을 통한 아일랜드 민족주의 비판
Critique of Irish Nationalism through Bloom the Scapegoat in Joyce’s “Cyclops”
0
조회
0
다운로드
3
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
Joyce reveals and criticizes the real state of Ireland through the main character, Bloom. As Bloom exists on the border of the Dublin community, which enables him to defamiliarize the Irish culture, he can be a useful tool for Joyce to use to criticize the Irish mainstream. Irish nationalism, formed to protest against English oppression, came to oppress individuals in the same way as the mechanisms of colonial rule. Joyce criticizes the problems of Irish nationalism by using Bloom, who is made a scapegoat. The men in Barney Kiernan's pub attack Bloom, revealing the attribute of nationalism that Joyce criticizes. Declaring the Irish patriots to be heroes and mythologizing their deaths, the men in the pub insist on the spiritual and cultural superiority of Ireland over England. They construct the concept of ‘authentic Ireland' and whoever is at odds with it is considered to be the enemy. As Bloom logically disputes their argument, he is branded as a ‘stranger' and treated like a scapegoat. Through this, the men bind together their community and reinforce their self-esteem. This exposes the qualities of nationalism, obstinacy and intolerance that result in violence. Unlike the men in the pub, Bloom continuously argues the importance of “love” to solve conflicts between nations. Through this clear contrast, Joyce suggests the qualities which Irish Nationalism should promote.
Abstract
Joyce reveals and criticizes the real state of Ireland through the main character, Bloom. As Bloom exists on the border of the Dublin community, which enables him to defamiliarize the Irish culture, he can be a useful tool for Joyce to use to criticize the Irish mainstream. Irish nationalism, formed to protest against English oppression, came to oppress individuals in the same way as the mechanisms of colonial rule. Joyce criticizes the problems of Irish nationalism by using Bloom, who is made a scapegoat. The men in Barney Kiernan's pub attack Bloom, revealing the attribute of nationalism that Joyce criticizes. Declaring the Irish patriots to be heroes and mythologizing their deaths, the men in the pub insist on the spiritual and cultural superiority of Ireland over England. They construct the concept of ‘authentic Ireland' and whoever is at odds with it is considered to be the enemy. As Bloom logically disputes their argument, he is branded as a ‘stranger' and treated like a scapegoat. Through this, the men bind together their community and reinforce their self-esteem. This exposes the qualities of nationalism, obstinacy and intolerance that result in violence. Unlike the men in the pub, Bloom continuously argues the importance of “love” to solve conflicts between nations. Through this clear contrast, Joyce suggests the qualities which Irish Nationalism should promote.
참고문헌 (20)
- 민태운, "부활절 봉기와 조이스—「키클롭스」장을 중심으로", 제임스조이스저널, 15(2), pp.75~92 (2009), 한국제임스조이스학회
- Anderson, Benedict, "Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism" (2006), Verso
- Attridge, Derek, "Semicolonial Joyce" (2000), Cambridge UP
- Cheng, Vincent J, "Authenticity and Identity: Catching the Irish Spirit", pp.240~261, Attridge and Howes
- Davison, Neil. R, "James Joyce, Ulysses, and the Construction of Jewish Identity: Culture, Biography, and “The Jew” in Modernist Europe" (1996), Cambridge UP
- Duffy, Enda, "The Subaltern Ulysses" (1994), U of Minnesota P
- Ellmann, Richard, "James Joyce" (1982), Oxford UP
- Evans, John X, "The Failure of Modernism: the Cartesian Legacy and Contemporary Pluralism", pp.179~198 (1999), The Catholic U of America P
- Fairhall, James, "James Joyce and the Question of History" (1993), Cambridge UP
- Girard, René, "The Scapegoat. Trans. Yvonne Freccero" (1986), Johns Hopkins UP
- Joyce, James, "Ulysses" (1986), Vintage
- Joyce, James, "The Critical Writing" (1959), Viking
- Kee, Robert, "The Green Flag: A History of Irish Nationalism" (2000), Penguin
- Kenner, Hugh, "Ulysses" (1987), Johns Hopkins UP
- Kiberd, Declan, "Inventing Ireland: The Literature of the Modern Nation" (1996), Vintage
- Lloyd, David, "Counterparts: Dubliners, Masculinity, and Temperance Nationalism", pp.128~149, Attridge and Howes
- Mullin, Katherine, "Antitreating is about the Size of It':James Joyce, Drink, and the Rounds System", The Review of English Studies, 64(264), pp.311~328 (2013)
- Reizbaum, Marilyn, "James Joyce’s Judaic Other" (1999), Stanford UP
- Schwarze, Tracy Teets, "Joyce and the Victorians" (2002), UP of Florida
- Spiegel, Michael, "The Most Precious Victim': Joyce's ‘Cyclops' and the Politics of Persecution", James Joyce Quarterly, 46(1), pp.75~95 (2008)