햄릿과 오필리어의 광기의 의미—헤겔과 라캉이론으로 바라본 광기의 재해석

Abstract

The classical period has confined madness to psychosis and silenced madness from reason, but we can see the philosophy that followed Hegel as the 19th century dawned begin to interpret madness as alienation of reason from reason itself, and alienation of civilization. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and examine the madness of Hamlet and Ophelia in Shakespeare's tragedy Hamlet in terms of the philosophical perspectives of Hegel and Lacan, not from a medical point of view. Examining the meaning of Hamlet's conscious madness, we can find the frailty and imperfections of human reason, such as extreme contradictions and anxiety, maniacal anger, extreme fear, confusion of identity and obsessive hesitancy with decision-making. However, the philosophical meaning of the madness in his life was that his madness made an opportunity to realize his limitations, allowing him to experience the situation of human existence inversely, and his rational thinking which had distinguished the phenomena of human life was sublated and expanded to the concept of infinity. Ophelia's madness means the abolition of the whole symbolic order in a state of madness, and at the same time, it means unregulated freedom and her rejecting the conformity of her symbolic order which maintained her social identity. However, as the philosophical meaning of the madness in her life, it can be said that her unconscious madness was her death drive to dismantle the alienation of the imaginary ego forced by the subject, and so the unconscious madness emphasizes the special nature of her imaginary ego that her reason canceled.