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전지구 강수관측위성 기반 격자형 강우자료를 활용한 2022년 국내 가뭄 분석

Quantifying the 2022 Extreme Drought Using Global Grid-Based Satellite Rainfall Products

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초록

Precipitation is an important component of the hydrological cycle and a key input parameter for many applications in hydrology, climatology,meteorology, and weather forecasting research. Grid-based satellite rainfall products with wide spatial coverage and easy accessibility are well recognizedas a supplement to ground-based observations for various hydrological applications. The error properties of satellite rainfall products vary as a functionof rainfall intensity, climate region, altitude, and land surface conditions. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the commonly used new globalgrid-based satellite rainfall product, Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), using data collected at different spatialand temporal scales. Additionally, in this study, grid-based CHIRPS satellite precipitation data were used to evaluate the 2022 extreme drought. CHIRPSprovides high-resolution precipitation data at 5 km and offers reliable global data through the correction of ground-based observations. A frequencyanalysis was performed to determine the precipitation deficit in 2022. As a result of comparing droughts in 2015, 2017, and 2022, it was found thatMay 2022 had a drought frequency of more than 500 years. The 1-month SPI in May 2022 indicated a severe drought with an average value of -1.8,while the 3-month SPI showed a moderate drought with an average value of 0.6. The extreme drought experienced in South Korea in 2022 was evidentin the 1-month SPI. Both CHIRPS precipitation data and observations from weather stations depicted similar trends. Based on these results, it isconcluded that CHIRPS can be used as fundamental data for drought evaluation and monitoring in unmeasured areas of precipitation.

Abstract

Precipitation is an important component of the hydrological cycle and a key input parameter for many applications in hydrology, climatology,meteorology, and weather forecasting research. Grid-based satellite rainfall products with wide spatial coverage and easy accessibility are well recognizedas a supplement to ground-based observations for various hydrological applications. The error properties of satellite rainfall products vary as a functionof rainfall intensity, climate region, altitude, and land surface conditions. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the commonly used new globalgrid-based satellite rainfall product, Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data (CHIRPS), using data collected at different spatialand temporal scales. Additionally, in this study, grid-based CHIRPS satellite precipitation data were used to evaluate the 2022 extreme drought. CHIRPSprovides high-resolution precipitation data at 5 km and offers reliable global data through the correction of ground-based observations. A frequencyanalysis was performed to determine the precipitation deficit in 2022. As a result of comparing droughts in 2015, 2017, and 2022, it was found thatMay 2022 had a drought frequency of more than 500 years. The 1-month SPI in May 2022 indicated a severe drought with an average value of -1.8,while the 3-month SPI showed a moderate drought with an average value of 0.6. The extreme drought experienced in South Korea in 2022 was evidentin the 1-month SPI. Both CHIRPS precipitation data and observations from weather stations depicted similar trends. Based on these results, it isconcluded that CHIRPS can be used as fundamental data for drought evaluation and monitoring in unmeasured areas of precipitation.

참고문헌 (30)

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