겨울 밀 (Triticum aestivum L.)의 관개 조건에 따른 생육 단계별작물 특성 및 물이용효율 평가

Abstract

Effective water management in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) fields is crucial for maximizing crop yields, enhancing nutritional content, and increasing domestic wheat production. This study aimed to assess the effects on the physiological indices, crop yield, and water use efficiency (WUE) of different irrigation conditions in the winter wheat fields from 2021 to 2022. The experimental zones were designed with the following irrigation treatments: Treatment A (drought condition: using a rainout shelter to exclude rainfall, with no irrigation applied), Treatment B (rainfed condition: conventional practice), Treatment C (irrigation based on real-time soil moisture), and Treatment D (waterlogging condition). The crop yield and WUE in treatment C were 22.3-25.8% higher than in the other zones. The leaf area index in treatment C was also significantly higher, increasing by 10.1-12.2%. The results indicate that supplementary irrigation during the flowering stage improved crop growth, yield, and WUE by up to 25% from the flowering to the harvest stage. These findings suggest that proper irrigation based on real-time soil moisture sensing during the flowering stage is essential for winter wheat production, especially in regions with traditional rainfall patterns, such as the spring drought period in Korea. This approach will enhance sustainable wheat production efficiency