ICL 삽입술 후 백내장 발생의 위험인자: 평균 7.5년 추적관찰 연구
Risk Factors for Cataract Formation after Implantable Collamer Lens Implantation: Over a Mean 7.5-Year Follow-Up Period
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목적: V4형 implantable collamer lens (ICL) 삽입 후 평균 7.5년의 장기 경과관찰 시 백내장의 발생빈도와 그 위험인자를 알아보고자하였다. 대상과 방법: ICL 삽입술 전 평균 구면렌즈대응치가 -12.7D이고 수술 후 경과관찰 기간이 최소 3년 이상인 고도근시 환자 118명 228안을 대상으로 환자의 수술 전, 수술 후 3개월, 3년, 마지막 경과관찰 시의 데이터를 분석하여 백내장 발생의 위험인자들과 생존분석상10.3년째 백내장 누적발생률과 누적 백내장 수술률을 알아보았다. 결과: V4형 ICL 삽입술을 시행하고 최소 3년 이상 경과관찰하였을 때 생존분석상 10.3년째의 백내장 누적발생률은 20%였으며 실제백내장 발생 환자는 34안(14.9%)이었다. 생존분석상 10.3년째의 누적 백내장 수술률은 12%였으며, 실제 백내장 수술을 시행 받은 눈은 12안(5.3%)이었다. 백내장 발생의 위험인자로는 나이(odds ratio [OR]=1.10, p=0.00), 수술 전 구면렌즈대응치(OR=0.90, p=0.00), 수술 전 수정체 두께(OR=9.54, p=0.00), 수술 전 안축장 길이(OR=1.33, p=0.00), 수술 후 3개월째 vault (OR=0.50, p=0.03), 마지막경과관찰 시 ICL과 수정체의 주변부 접촉(OR=7.84, p=0.00)이 있었다. 결론: ICL 삽입술 후 중심부 vault의 감소 및 ICL 광학부 테두리와 수정체 주변부 사이의 접촉이 ICL 삽입술 후 백내장 발생의 주된위험인자 중 한 가지로 생각된다.
Abstract
Purpose: To determine the risk factors and incidence of cataract formation over a long-term mean follow-up of 7.5 years after type V4 implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation. Methods: We analyzed the preoperative, 3-month postoperative, 3-year postoperative, and last follow-up data of 228 eyes (118 patients) with mean preoperative spherical equivalent of -12.7 D and minimum postoperative follow-up of 3 years. Additionally, we determined the risk factors for cataract formation and calculated the 10.3 year cumulative cataract formation rate and 10.3 year cumulative cataract surgery rate using a survival curve. Results: After type V4 ICL implantation with minimum follow-up of 3 years, the calculated 10.3 year cumulative cataract formation rate was 20% and actual cataracts developed in 34 eyes (14.9%). The 10.3 year cumulative cataract surgery rate was 12% based on a survival curve and actual cataract surgery was performed in 12 eyes (5.3%). The risk factors for cataract formation were age (odds ratio [OR] = 1.10, p = 0.00), preoperative spherical equivalent (OR = 0.90, p = 0.00), crystalline lens thickness (OR = 9.54, p = 0.00), axial length (OR = 1.33, p = 0.00), 3 months postoperative vault (OR = 0.50, p = 0.03), and existence of peripheral touch between ICL optic margin and crystalline lens at last follow-up (OR = 7.84, p = 0.00). Conclusions: We suggest one of the main risk factors for cataract formation after ICL implantation is decreased central vault and peripheral touch between ICL optic margin and crystalline lens.
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