한국인 녹내장 환자의 사회적 비용 분석
Socioeconomic Costs of Glaucoma in Korea
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목적: 한국인에서 녹내장의 사회적 비용을 분석하여 추후 국가건강검진사업에 녹내장선별검사 도입의 학문적 근거를 제공하고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 사회적 관점에서 비용 분석을 시행하였으며, 비용 항목으로 의료비용, 비의료비용 그리고 생산성 손실비용을 분석하였다. 의료비용은 공식적 의료비용과 비공식적 의료비용으로 세분하였으며, 비의료비용은 교통비용, 시간비용, 간병비용으로 세분하였다. 자료원으로는 국민건강보험공단 표본 코호트 2002-2013년, 한국의료패널 등을 이용하였다. 결과: 2013년 녹내장의 사회적 비용은 약 2조 9,997억 원으로 추정되었다. 이 중 의료비용은 약 1조 5,393억 원(51.3%), 비의료비용은 약 1조 2,920억 원(43.1%), 그리고 생산성 손실비용은 약 1,683억 원(5.6%)이었다. 결론: 본 연구를 통해 녹내장의 사회적 비용이 상당하고, 특히 의료비용뿐만 아니라 비의료비용과 생산성 손실비용도 크다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 향후 녹내장의 질병비용은 지속적으로 늘어날 것으로 예상되므로 국가적으로 녹내장 조기 발견에 대한 정책적 뒷받침이 필요할 것이다.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to estimate the socioeconomic costs of glaucoma in Korea. It is to be used as an academic reference regarding policy making for the introduction of glaucoma screening tests in the national health check-ups. Methods: We estimated the socioeconomic costs of glaucoma from a societal perspective, which included medical, nonmedical, and productivity costs. The medical costs consisted of official and nonofficial medical costs, and the nonmedical costs consisted of transportation, time, and nursing costs. We used the National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort 2002-2013 and the Korea Health Panel study. Results: The socioeconomic costs of glaucoma were estimated to be 3,000 billion Korean won (KRW) in 2013. These total costs were divided into 1,539 billion KRW (51.3%) for medical costs, 1,292 billion KRW (43.1%) for nonmedical costs, and 168 billion KRW (5.6%) for productivity costs. Conclusions: Glaucoma is a large economic burden from a societal perspective. The nonmedical and productivity costs, as well as the medical costs are especially high. Because the disease costs of glaucoma are expected to increase continuously, political support for early detection of glaucoma should be considered.
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