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청색광에 의한 제브라피쉬의 안구 변화 및 포도씨 유래 폴리페놀 화합물의 보호 효과

Effects of Blue Light on Eye of Zebra Fish and Protective Role of Polyphenolic Compounds

김기영|김윤경|김응석|유승영|남상휴|홍현숙
대한안과학회 (The Korean Ophthalmological Society)|2021.01|대한안과학회지 (Journal of The Korean Ophthalmological Society)|제62권 제1호|pp. 77-84

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Blue lightRetinal degenerationGrape seed-derived polyphenolsZebra fish
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초록

목적: 제브라피쉬를 통해 청색광에 의한 망막의 산화적 손상 및 변화를 확인하고 포도씨 유래 폴리페놀을 활용하여 폴리페놀의 망막보호 효과를 확인하고자 한다. 대상과 방법: 제브라피쉬를 다양한 농도의 포도씨 유래 폴리페놀로 전처치한 후(각각, 0, 0.1, 1, 10 μg/mL), 청색광에 의한 망막의산화적 손상 및 변화를 유도하기 위해 청색 발광 다이오드(10,000 Lux, 480 nm)를 4일 동안 처리하였다. 망막 보호 효과를 확인하기위하여 hematoxylin & eosin 염색으로 광수용체층 및 외핵층의 두께 변화와 외핵층 세포 내 핵 수의 변화를 측정하였다. 결과: 청색광에 의한 산화스트레스가 유도된 제브라피쉬의 경우, 광수용체층 두께가 청색광을 받지 않은 대조군에 비해 유의하게 얇았다(108.1 ± 27.7 μm vs 41.1 ± 17.0 μm). 폴리페놀의 전처치 농도가 0, 0.1, 1, 10 μg/mL로 높을수록 망막 광수용체층의 두께가두꺼웠고(41.1 ± 17.0, 56.3 ± 18.6, 90.7 ± 23.7, 99.1 ± 23.1 μm, p<0.05), 외핵층 세포 내 핵의 핵 수의 감소량도 적어지는 양상을보였다. 결론: 청색광의 노출은 망막의 산화스트레스를 증가시키는 요인이며 천연 폴리페놀 화합물인 포도씨 유래 폴리페놀은 산화스트레스가 유도된 망막에서 광수용체세포와 망막색소상피세포를 보호하는 효과를 보여주었다. 폴리페놀 화합물의 항산화 효과가 나이관련황반변성과 같은 산화스트레스와 연관된 망막질환의 진행 억제에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이라 생각된다.

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the oxidative damage and changes of retinas by blue light through zebrafish and to confirm the protective effect of polyphenol on retina cells using grape seed-derived polyphenols. Methods: To induce oxidative damage and changes of the retina by blue light, blue light LED (10,000 Lux, 480 nm) was added to the zebrafish grown in the dark room after pretreating polyphenols derived from grape seed at various concentrations (0, 0.1, 1, 10 μg/mL, respectively) for 4 days. Changes in retinal thickness and numbers of outer nuclear layer nuclei through hematoxylin & eosin staining were evaluated. Results: Photoreceptor layer thickness of blue light exposed group was significantly thinner than the group without blue light (108.1 ± 27.7 μm vs 41.1 ± 17.0 μm). As pretreated polyphenol concentration increased, photoreceptor layer thickness was increased (41.1 ± 17.0, 56.3 ± 18.6, 90.7 ± 23.7, 99.1 ± 23.1 μm, p < 0.05), and damage to outer nuclear layer nuclei was also decreased. Conclusions: Exposure to blue light is an important factor for increasing oxidative stress in the retina. Grape seed-derived polyphenols have been shown to protect photoreceptor cells and retinal pigment epithelial cells from oxidative stress. This suggests that the antioxidant effect of polyphenol compounds may help suppress the progression of retinal diseases associated with oxidative stress such as age-related macular degeneration.

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