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4세 이하의 큰 각 간헐외사시 환아에서 조기 수술의 결과

Outcomes of Early Surgery in Children under Four Years Old with Large Angle Intermittent Exotropia

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주제분류안과학

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목적: 4세 이하의 35프리즘디옵터(prism diopters, PD) 이상 큰 각 기본형 간헐외사시에서 수술 연령이 양안 외직근후전술에 미치는 영향을 알아봄으로써 조기 수술의 의미를 찾고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 2006년부터 2016년까지 35 PD 이상 큰 각 간헐외사시로 양안 외직근후전술을 시행하고, 술 후 최소 2년 이상 경과 관찰이 가능했던 환아를 대상으로 4세를 기준으로 하여 두 군으로 나누어 의무기록지 후향 분석을 하였다. 술 후 안구 위치가 내편위 8 PD 이하, 외편위 10 PD 이하일 때 성공으로 간주하였다. 술 후 관찰 시점마다 안구 위치, 양안시기능, 최대교정시력, 근육후전 단위 길이당 교정 효과(PD/mm)를 비교하였다. 결과: 양안 외직근후전술 후 2년의 성공률은 4세 이하 85%, 4세 초과 65.6%로 조기 수술의 성공률이 1.3배 높았으나 통계적으로 의미 있는 차이는 아니었다. 술 후 2년의 외사시 재발은 각각 15%, 31.3%, 속발내사시 비율은 0%, 3.1%로 조기 수술군에서의 합병증 발생 비율이 더 적었다. 술 후 2년의 입체시기능 역시 4세 이하 조기 수술군에서 4세 이후의 수술과 비교하여 결과가 나쁘지 않았다. 결론: 4세 이하 35 PD 이상의 큰 각 외사시는 어린 연령으로 인해 수술을 주저하기보다는 조기 수술을 시행하여 장기적이고 효율적인 환자 관리를 함으로써 좋은 결과를 얻을 수 있다.

Abstract

Purpose: To find out the significance of early surgery in children of 4 years old and under with large angle intermittent exotropia of 35 prism diopters (PD) and more by examining the results of bilateral lateral rectus recession surgery and factors influencing the surgical outcome. Methods: It was a retrospective study of patients who underwent bilateral lateral rectus muscle recession surgery between 2006 to 2016 with intermittent exotropia greater than or equal to 35 PD and who were able to follow-up for at least 2 years after surgery were divided into two groups based on age of 4 years old. The surgical motor success was defined as exodeviation less than 10 PD, esodeviation less than 8 PD. The angle of deviation, binocular function, best corrected visual acuity, and amount of corrected PD per lateral recession (PD/mm) were compared at each observation point after surgery. Results: The motor success of bilateral rectus muscle recession surgery was 85% in children of age 4 years and under, 65.5% in age over 4 years. Success rate of early surgery was 1.3 times higher in younger age group, but there was no statistical meaning. The complication of surgery after 2 years of follow up was less in younger group-the rate of recurrent exotropia was 15% in younger group, 31.3% in older group and the rate of consecutive esotropia was 0% and 3.1%, respectively. Stereoacuity after 2 years of surgery was not fall behind in younger group compared to older group. Conclusions: It is possible to obtain good surgical results by performing early surgery rather than hesitating to operate due to the younger age in patients younger than 4 years old with large angle exotropia of 35 PD and more for long-term follow up and efficient patient management.

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