2시간 허혈 후 재관류 시간 경과에 따라 나타나는 혈청 사이토카인의 발현에 미치는 허혈양상화의 효과
The Effect of Ischemic Preconditioning on the Expression of Serum Cytokines after 2 Hours Ischemia and Timely Reperfusion in the Hindlimb of Mice
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일시적인 허혈과 수술로 인한 허혈 후 재관류 시 대량의 활성산소가 발생하여 세포에 손상이 발생한다. 이러한 허혈-재관류 손상으로 인해 국소적 손상이 초래되고, 전신적 손상이 발생하기도 한다. 따라서 허혈-재관류 손상을 감소시키기 위한 필요성이 대두되었고 이와 관련해서 허혈 전에 짧은 허혈과 재관류를 반복하는 허혈양상화에 대한 연구가 진행되었다. 허혈양상화는 허혈시 염증반응을 감소시킴으로 허혈 손상에 대해 조직을 보호한다고 알려져있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 세포조직이 허혈과 재관류 손상에 대해 내성의 기전을 갖게 하면서 조직을 보호한다고 알려진허혈양상화를 기본으로 하였고, 허혈-재관류 손상에서 나타나는 염증반응에서 중요한 역할을 하는 물질이 사이토카인이기 때문에, 재관류 시간에 허혈양상화 방법론 고찰과 허혈양상화가 사이토카인 발현에 미치는 영향에 대한 상관관계를 분석하였다. 40~45 g 수컷 생쥐의 왼온엉덩동맥을 허혈처치 하였으며 2시간 허혈처치만 시행한 허혈군, 5분간의 짧은 허혈과재관류를 3회 처치한 허혈양상화군, 허혈양상화 처치 후 2시간 허혈을 시행한 허혈양상화 및 허혈군으로 하는 실험군을 구성하였고 각 실험군에서의 처치 후 비교를 위한 재관류 시간은 30분, 1시간, 2시간, 4시간을 시행하였다. 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 허혈군이 허혈양상화군과 허혈양상화 및 허혈군과 비교했을 때 친염증성 사이토카인 IL-1β의 수치가 가장높게 발현되었다 (p<.001). 둘째, 항염증성 사이토카인인 IL-4는 허혈군, 허혈양상화 및 허혈군과 비교했을 때 허혈양상화군에서 가장 높게 발현되었다 (p<.001). 셋째, 항염증성 사이토카인인 IL-10은 허혈군, 허혈양상화 및 허혈군과 비교했을 때 허혈양상화군에서 가장 높게 발현되었다 (p<.001). 위의 결과들을 종합했을 때 정도에 따라 차이는 있지만, 허혈양상화 처치는 허혈군과 허혈양상화군보다 허혈양상화 및 허혈군의 친염증성 사이토카인 IL-1β를 감소시켰고, 항염증성 사이토카인 IL-4와 IL-10은 허혈양상화군에서허혈군과 허혈양상화 및 허혈군보다 증가하였다.
Abstract
The large volume of reactive oxygen species are generated during reperfusion after transient or postprocedural ischemia, which leads to cell injury. This ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury may cause local and even systemic injuries. Thus, the need to reduce the IR injury has been highlighted and in this regard studies have demonstrated the ischemic preconditioning (IP) in which short ischemia and reperfusion are repeated before ischemia. Such IP is known to protect the tissues from IR injury by reducing inflammation response during ischemia. Thus, this study was based on IP known to protect the tissue with developing the mechanism of resistance to ischemia and reperfusion injury in cellular tissue. As the substance that plays an important role in the inflammatory response during IR injury is cytokines, this study was intended to review and discuss the methodologies of IP as well as to analyze the correlation of its effects on the expression of cytokines. Left common iliac artery in male mice of which weight was from 40 g to 45 g, was treated for ischemia. The animal groups consisted of ischemia (IC) group receiving 2-hour ischemic treatment alone; IP group receiving short 5-minute ischemia and reperfusion treatments repeated three times; and, ischemic preconditioning-ischemia (IP-IC) group receiving IP treatment followed by 2-hour ischemic treatment. Following these treatments in each group, reperfusion for intergroup comparisons was carried out at 30 minutes, and 1, 2 and 4 hours. The results of this study were as follows: First, the expression level of pro-inflammatory cytokines, IL-1β was the highest in IC group receiving 2-hour ischemic treatment alone (p<.001). Second, the expression level of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-4 was the highest in the IP group (p<.001). Third, the expression level of anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10 was the highest in the IP group (p<.001). In conclusion, even though the results had the degree of difference, the expression level of pro-inflammation cytokine, IL-1β in IC group was significantly lower than that in IP group, and the expression levels of antiinflammatory cytokines, IL-4 and IL-10 in IP were significantly higher than those in IC group and IP-IC group.
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