1910년대 한국 독립운동과 몽골 -김규식의 활동을 중심으로-

Abstract

Kim Gyu-sik was the first Korean independence activist to seek independence in Mongolia, and he headed to Mongolia with Korean youths in the fall of 1914 with plans to establish a secret military school. Although his plan could not be implemented due to financial problems, Kim Gyu-sik remained in Mongolia and worked for an American trading company that was operating in Mongolia at the time, continuing to seek new diplomatic ways for the Korean independence movement. Although it was very unusual for Kim Gyu-sik, who was a scholar-type independence activist, to engage in trade between China and Mongolia in the early days of the independence movement, the trading business allowed him to provide a livelihood and independence funds while also utilizing a network of foreign trading companies to stay in close contact with Korean figures. After that, Kim Gyu-sik visited Mongolia again in 1918 and at the time, his cousin Kim Eun-sik and his eldest son Kim Jin-dong were accompanying him. Through the introduction by Kim Gyu-sik, Lee Tae-jun married Kim Eun-sik, and then he maintained a close relationship with Kim Gyu-sik to the extent that he supported Kim Gyu-sik’s expenses for attending the Paris Peace Conference in 1919. Kim Gyu-sik’s last visit to Mongolia was to attend the Congress of the Toilers of the Far East in the winter of 1921. At the time, Kim Gyu-sik met Nam maria, a second generation Korean, wife of the Mongolian revolutionary leader Rinchino, who provided him with transportation to Russia. However, when Rinchino was summoned to the Soviet Union in 1925, there were almost no cases of Koreans traveling to Mongolia, including Kim Gyu-sik. As a result, Korea-Mongolia exchanges in the early 20th century, which were opened based on the Korean independence movement, were discontinued. In the early days of the independence movement, Kim Gyu-sik paid attention to Mongolia as a new base for the independence movement and a place of life. However, the Korean independence movement in Mongolia could not be sustained due to the limitations of Mongolia’s transportation difficulties and the insufficient necessity for mutual solidarity between Mongolia and Korea. Nevertheless, Kim Gyu-sik could draw attention to Mongolia as a new base for the Korean independence movement since it was able to prepare independence funds and talents for independence movement in Mongolia with less surveillance by the Japanese and Mongolian Government’s Open Policy