연령을 이용한 최대심박수 추정식의 정확도 분석
Accuracy of Age-Based Maximal Heart Rate Prediction Equations
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초록
최대심박수(HRmax)는 건강관리와 임상적 상황의 운동처방 현장에서 운동강도 결정을 위한 중요한 변인 중 하나이다. 이 연구의 목적은 다섯 가지 최대심박수 추정식(Fox, Åstrand, Tanaka, Gellish 및 Gulati)의 연령 구분(성인: 20~59세, 노인: 60~69세)에 따른 정확도를 검증하는 것이다. 연구참여자로 남자 144명, 여자 164명을 편의 추출하였으며, Bruce Protocol을 이용하여 최대운동부하검사를 수행하였다. 최대운동부하검사를 통하여 측정한 실제 최대심박수와 다섯 가지 추정식으로 예측한 최대심박수의 오차율은 성인의 경우 Gellish 5.48%, Tanaka 5.60%, Fox 5.88%, Åstrand 6.25%, Gulati 6.26% 순으로, 노인은 Fox 9.13%, Gulati 9.20%, Gellish 10.08%, Åstrand 10.24%, Tanaka 10.33% 순으로 증가하였다. 준거와 다섯 가지 공식 간의 차이검증에서 성인은 Gellish 공식, 노인은 Fox공식만이 다른 공식과 달리 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다. 이상과 같은 결과에 의하면, 연령을 이용한 최대심박수 추정식은 성인 집단에서 Gellish 공식, 노인 집단에서 Fox 공식이 상대적으로 오차율이 낮았다. 따라서 스포츠 또는 운동처방 현장에서 운동강도 선정을 위한 최대심박수 추정식의 선택 시 연령을 고려해야 할 것이다.
Abstract
Maximal heart rate (HRmax) is one of the integral variables in the health and fitness settings. The purpose of this study was to verify the accuracy of five prediction equations for predicting HRmax for two age groups ; adult group (19yr to 59yr) and elderly group (60yr to 69yr) ; Fox (1971), Åstrand (1952), Tanaka (2001), Gellish (2007), and Gulati (2010). The participants in this study were composed of 144 males and 165 females (19~69yr, female 53.2%) who were selected by convenience sampling. All the participants were asked to perform grade exercise testing (GXT) using Bruce protocol. The adult group error rates of the five different HRmax equations were 5.48% for Gellish, 5.60% for Tanaka, 5.88% for Fox, 6.25% for Åstrand and 6.26% for Gulati. The results of the post-hoc analysis showed that criterion HR was not different from the HR values using the equation by Gellish. However, criterion HR was different when Fox, Tanaka, Gulati and Åstrand equations were used (p<.05). Otherwise, the elderly group error rates of the five different HRmax equations were 9.13% for Fox, 9.20% for Gulati, 10.08% for Gellish, 10.24% for Åstrand and 10.33% for Tanaka. The results of the post-hoc analysis showed that criterion HR was not different from the HR of Fox equation. However, criterion HR was different when Åstrand, Tanaka, Gellish equations were used (p<.05). According to the study, when predicting HRmax targeted for Koreans, the equation by Gellish showed relatively low error rate for adults group and Fox equation for elderly group. Therefore, different predictive equation needs to be applied for different age groups when selecting exercise intensity for sport activity or exercise prescription.
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