미얀마 국가권력과 승가
State Power and Sangha in Myanmar
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Abstract
We can hardly comment on political Power of Myanmar without complete understanding of Burmese Buddhism and Sangha. In 11th century, since dynasty country had been founded in Myanmar, Buddhism has taken the central role in political and social affairs. King and Sangha have been a carriage-and-pair which maintained kingdom. People who backed up king and Sangha had obeyed king externally and relied on Sangha spritually. Kings of Myanmar surrounded their people with Buddhism and were recognized legitimacy by Sangha. Therefore they could keep going kingdom and under this system king’s authority could be guaranteed. For example, Sangha taught that people should obey their kings and admit the right of his dominance based on ‘kamma’ in Buddhism because king is determined by his charity that accumulated in his previous life. Sangha devoted to unify the people as on country by respecting Buddha and Buddhism as well as their kings. Furthermore Myanmar people prefer to get a powerful leader so-called Chakravartin who can keep the order in society and the happy feeling of expectation to be ruled by him. And also, why the people in Myanmar can’t achieve their democracy and give the right to rule the state to the authoritative military government Junta are from their deep soul which believe the stronger the political power can achieve that more stable society and protecting of Buddhism. Now the SPDC government has tried to get the legitimacy with attempting to satisfy people’s expectation to the religion.
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