코로나-19 감염병 확산에 따른 아시아 공항의 국제항공화물 네트워크 변화 분석 연구

Abstract

With the recent Covid-19 Pandemic, the aviation industry has actually faced an unprecedented event of border blockage, and is seeing tremendous damage caused by a sharp drop in airline demand and a cut in the global supply chain. This study analyzed the network centrality through SNA (Social Network Analysis) to confirm the changes in the international air cargo network in Asia, such as China, which is greatly affected by the spread of infectious diseases worldwide. As a result, the overall spread of Covid-19 infectious diseases has weakened the entire Asian air cargo network. In particular, China’s airports are the center of the global manufacturing supply chain, showed a marked decrease in network competitiveness. And Hong Kong International Airport is the representative Asian hub airport, was exposed to unstable political conditions and Covid-19 bad news from Hong Kong’s massive protests in the second half of 2019. It was confirmed that the centrality was greatly reduced. On the other hand, Incheon International Airport’s air cargo network competitiveness was the highest in the Asian region. Considering that the network industry requires long negotiations and high costs to restore air routes and resume operation, Incheon Airport’s air cargo network competitiveness in the current Covid-19 Pandemic Crisis will be post Corona era aviation. It is expected that it will be able to preempt and strengthen its position as a logistics hub airport. Restoration and re-take of the air transportation industry is also very important tasks in terms of the global supply chain, and the restart of related industries is urgently needed through close cooperation between countries in defense and safety. In particular, maintaining the global air cargo network, which is responsible for much of the world’s high value-added goods trade, will serve to support the domestic and international aviation industry, which is in crisis due to the virtual suspension of air travel demand, including the entry ban and restriction of travelers from each country. In the previous study, the analysis target was mainly set to examine changes in the competitive environment in the market by region/airport, and network changes were analyzed based on this. This study differs from the previous study in that it analyzed the cargo transportation networks of airports in Asia under the external environment of the spread of the Covid-19 epidemic. In the future, it is necessary to devise and predict the situation through continuous monitoring, and prepare a strategy to respond appropriately based on this. In addition, in preparation for another possible epidemic, it is necessary to prepare a manual for establishing an airport order such as quarantine, safety, and security, and prepare countermeasures from a longer-term perspective through the construction and analysis of related big data. This study is an analysis of the aviation network caused by the Covid-19 incident, which is a serious problem worldwide. It is a very timely and meaningful study. In the midst of the aviation industry crisis caused by the Covid-19, we can compare and analyze the air cargo network of airports in Asian regions, where international trade is most active, to evaluate the competitiveness and responsiveness of air cargo at each airport, and to gauge the changes in the ecosystem of the aviation industry in the future. It was intended to provide evidence. In the future, it is necessary to expand the scope of research and analyze various events. In addition, studies on the more severely damaged passenger sector should be conducted.