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AMP-activated protein kinase: implications on ischemic diseases

김현수|임희진|문상준|Hyung-Hwan Kim|Yong-Joo Ahn|Hwewon Kim|Max Lee|Yuhyun Kang
생화학분자생물학회 (Korean Society Of Biochemistry And Molecular Biology)|2012.09|BMB Reports|제45권 제9호|pp. 489-495

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참고문헌

키워드

IschemiaAMPKCaMKKβLKB1
주제분류화학

초록

Ischemia is a blockage of blood supply due to an embolism or a hemorrhage in a blood vessel. When an organ cannot receive oxygenated blood and can therefore no longer replenish its blood supply due to ischemia, stresses, such as the disruption of blood glucose homeostasis, hypoglycemia and hypoxia,activate the AMPK complex. LKB1 and CaMKKβ are essential activators of the AMPK signaling pathway. AMPK triggers proangiogenic effects through the eNOS protein in tissues with ischemic conditions, where cells are vulnerable to apoptosis,autophagy and necrosis. The AMPK complex acts to restore blood glucose levels and ATP levels back to homeostasis. This review will discuss AMPK, as well as its key activators (LKB1and CaMKKβ), as a central energy regulator and evaluate the upstream and downstream regulating pathways of AMPK. We will also discuss how we can control this important enzyme in ischemic conditions to prevent harmful effects in patients with vascular damage. [BMB Reports 2012; 45(9): 489-495]

Abstract

Ischemia is a blockage of blood supply due to an embolism or a hemorrhage in a blood vessel. When an organ cannot receive oxygenated blood and can therefore no longer replenish its blood supply due to ischemia, stresses, such as the disruption of blood glucose homeostasis, hypoglycemia and hypoxia,activate the AMPK complex. LKB1 and CaMKKβ are essential activators of the AMPK signaling pathway. AMPK triggers proangiogenic effects through the eNOS protein in tissues with ischemic conditions, where cells are vulnerable to apoptosis,autophagy and necrosis. The AMPK complex acts to restore blood glucose levels and ATP levels back to homeostasis. This review will discuss AMPK, as well as its key activators (LKB1and CaMKKβ), as a central energy regulator and evaluate the upstream and downstream regulating pathways of AMPK. We will also discuss how we can control this important enzyme in ischemic conditions to prevent harmful effects in patients with vascular damage. [BMB Reports 2012; 45(9): 489-495]

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