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Immunogenic cell death in cancer immunotherapy

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초록

Cancer immunotherapy has been acknowledged as a new paradigmfor cancer treatment, with notable therapeutic effects oncertain cancer types. Despite their significant potential, clinicalstudies over the past decade have revealed that cancer immunotherapyhas low response rates in the majority of solid tumors. One of the key causes for poor responses is known to be therelatively low immunogenicity of solid tumors. Because mostsolid tumors are immune desert ‘cold tumors’ with antitumorimmunity blocked from the onset of innate immunity, combinationtherapies that combine validated T-based therapies withapproaches that can increase tumor-immunogenicity are beingconsidered as relevant therapeutic options. This review paperfocuses on immunogenic cell death (ICD) as a way of enhancingimmunogenicity in tumor tissues. We will thoroughly reviewhow ICDs such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosiscan improve anti-tumor immunity and outline clinical trialstargeting ICD. Finally, we will discuss the potential of ICD inducersas an adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy.

Abstract

Cancer immunotherapy has been acknowledged as a new paradigmfor cancer treatment, with notable therapeutic effects oncertain cancer types. Despite their significant potential, clinicalstudies over the past decade have revealed that cancer immunotherapyhas low response rates in the majority of solid tumors. One of the key causes for poor responses is known to be therelatively low immunogenicity of solid tumors. Because mostsolid tumors are immune desert ‘cold tumors’ with antitumorimmunity blocked from the onset of innate immunity, combinationtherapies that combine validated T-based therapies withapproaches that can increase tumor-immunogenicity are beingconsidered as relevant therapeutic options. This review paperfocuses on immunogenic cell death (ICD) as a way of enhancingimmunogenicity in tumor tissues. We will thoroughly reviewhow ICDs such as necroptosis, pyroptosis, and ferroptosiscan improve anti-tumor immunity and outline clinical trialstargeting ICD. Finally, we will discuss the potential of ICD inducersas an adjuvant for cancer immunotherapy.

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