Identification of CD109 in the extracellular vesicles derived from ovarian cancer stem-like cells
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Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological cancer becauseit has few early symptoms and metastasizes to the surroundingorgans at advanced stages. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a subpopulationof cells with acquired drug resistance, contribute tothe recurrence and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer. CD109,a cell surface glycoprotein, has been reported to be a markerof CSCs; however, it remains unclear whether CD109 is secretedby CSCs. In this study, we investigated the amount ofCD109 in conditioned media (CM) of CSC populations fromovarian cancer cell lines and patients with ovarian cancer. TheCM of sphere-forming CSCs isolated from ovarian cancer celllines (A2780 and SKOV3) had higher levels of CD109 thanthose isolated from their adherent cultured parental cells. Furthermore,higher levels of CD109 were detected on the cellsurface and in the CM of sphere-forming CSC populations isolatedfrom patient-derived primary ovarian cancer cells. To clarifywhether CD109 is localized to the exosomal fraction secretedfrom CSCs, extracellular vesicles were isolated from the CM byultracentrifugation. In addition to the CM, the exosomal fractionof ovarian CSCs contained greater levels of CD109 thanthe parental cells. These results suggest that CD109 is secretedin a soluble or exosomal form from CSCs, and that the measurementof secreted CD109 may be used as a diagnostic orprognostic marker for ovarian cancer.
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the deadliest gynecological cancer becauseit has few early symptoms and metastasizes to the surroundingorgans at advanced stages. Cancer stem cells (CSCs), a subpopulationof cells with acquired drug resistance, contribute tothe recurrence and poor prognosis of ovarian cancer. CD109,a cell surface glycoprotein, has been reported to be a markerof CSCs; however, it remains unclear whether CD109 is secretedby CSCs. In this study, we investigated the amount ofCD109 in conditioned media (CM) of CSC populations fromovarian cancer cell lines and patients with ovarian cancer. TheCM of sphere-forming CSCs isolated from ovarian cancer celllines (A2780 and SKOV3) had higher levels of CD109 thanthose isolated from their adherent cultured parental cells. Furthermore,higher levels of CD109 were detected on the cellsurface and in the CM of sphere-forming CSC populations isolatedfrom patient-derived primary ovarian cancer cells. To clarifywhether CD109 is localized to the exosomal fraction secretedfrom CSCs, extracellular vesicles were isolated from the CM byultracentrifugation. In addition to the CM, the exosomal fractionof ovarian CSCs contained greater levels of CD109 thanthe parental cells. These results suggest that CD109 is secretedin a soluble or exosomal form from CSCs, and that the measurementof secreted CD109 may be used as a diagnostic orprognostic marker for ovarian cancer.
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