서울지역 장기간 강수와 미세먼지의 특성 분석에 기반한 미세먼지 세정효과
Scavenging Efficiency Based on Long-Term Characteristics of Precipitation and Particulate Matters in Seoul, Korea
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초록
The variabilities of precipitation and particulate matters (i.e., PM10 and PM2.5) and the scavenging efficiency of PMs by precipitation were quantified using long-term measurements in Seoul, Korea. The 21 years (2001~2021) measurements of precipitation and PM10 mass concentrations, and the 7 years (2015~2021) of PM2.5 mass concentrations were used. Statistical analysis was performed for each period (i.e., year, season, and month) to identify the long-term variabilities of PMs and precipitation. PM10 and PM2.5 decreased annually and the decreasing rate of PM10 was greater than PM2.5. The precipitation intensity did not show notable variation, whereas the annual precipitation amount showed a decreasing trend. The summer precipitation amount contributed 61.10% to the annual precipitation amount. The scavenging efficiency by precipitation was analyzed based on precipitation events separated by 2-hour time intervals between hourly precipitation data for 7 years. The scavenging efficiencies of PM10 and PM2.5 were quantified as a function of precipitation characteristics (i.e., precipitation intensity, amount, and duration). The calculated average scavenging efficiency of PM10 (PM2.5) was 39.59% (35.51%). PM10 and PM2.5 were not always simultaneously scavenged due to precipitation events. Precipitation events that simultaneously scavenged PM10 and PM2.5 contributed 42.24% of all events, with average scavenging efficiency of 42.93% and 43.39%. The precipitation characteristics (i.e., precipitation intensity, precipitation amount, and precipitation duration) quantified in these events were 2.42 mm hr1, 15.44 mm, and 5.51 hours. This result corresponds to 145% (349%; 224%) of precipitation intensity (amount; duration) for the precipitation events that do not simultaneously scavenge PM10 and PM2.5.
Abstract
The variabilities of precipitation and particulate matters (i.e., PM10 and PM2.5) and the scavenging efficiency of PMs by precipitation were quantified using long-term measurements in Seoul, Korea. The 21 years (2001~2021) measurements of precipitation and PM10 mass concentrations, and the 7 years (2015~2021) of PM2.5 mass concentrations were used. Statistical analysis was performed for each period (i.e., year, season, and month) to identify the long-term variabilities of PMs and precipitation. PM10 and PM2.5 decreased annually and the decreasing rate of PM10 was greater than PM2.5. The precipitation intensity did not show notable variation, whereas the annual precipitation amount showed a decreasing trend. The summer precipitation amount contributed 61.10% to the annual precipitation amount. The scavenging efficiency by precipitation was analyzed based on precipitation events separated by 2-hour time intervals between hourly precipitation data for 7 years. The scavenging efficiencies of PM10 and PM2.5 were quantified as a function of precipitation characteristics (i.e., precipitation intensity, amount, and duration). The calculated average scavenging efficiency of PM10 (PM2.5) was 39.59% (35.51%). PM10 and PM2.5 were not always simultaneously scavenged due to precipitation events. Precipitation events that simultaneously scavenged PM10 and PM2.5 contributed 42.24% of all events, with average scavenging efficiency of 42.93% and 43.39%. The precipitation characteristics (i.e., precipitation intensity, precipitation amount, and precipitation duration) quantified in these events were 2.42 mm hr1, 15.44 mm, and 5.51 hours. This result corresponds to 145% (349%; 224%) of precipitation intensity (amount; duration) for the precipitation events that do not simultaneously scavenge PM10 and PM2.5.
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