항암화학요법 유방암환자의 인지기능 증진 중재에 대한 논문 분석
Literature Review of Cognitive Developmental Interventions on Patients with Breast Cancer undergoing Chemotherapy
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초록
본 연구는 항암화학요법을 받는 유방암 환자의 인지기능을 증진시키는 중재 연구를 분석하여 이상적인 항암화학요법을 받는 유방암 환자의 인지기능 증진 프로그램의 기틀을 마련하고자 하였다. 연구의 대상은 1990년 이후부터 2010년 6월 현재까지 Ovid (http://ovidsp.tx.ovid.com/sp-3.2/ovidweb.cgi), Pubmed (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov), Proquest (http://proquest.umi.com) 및 Medline (http://www.ebscohost.com)에서 ‘Chemotherapy’, ‘Breast cancer’, ‘Cognitive function’, ‘Intervention’으로 검색하여 추출된 논문 중 중재연구인 17편이었으며 논문의 경향성, 인지기능 중재 프로그램 특성 및 인지기능 중재 프로그램의 효과를 확인하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 논문의 경향성을 분석한 결과 1997년 이후부터 2001년, 2006년과 2010년을 제외하고 매년 1편 이상의 논문이 발표되고 있으며 분석된 논문의 주요어로 가장 많이 사용된 것은 유방암, 항암치료, 삶의 질, 인지기능(인지불능)의 순이었다. 2) 인지기능 중재 프로그램의 특성을 분석한 결과 총 17편의 논문 중 실험 전 연구 설계인 원시실험설계를 시행한 것이 4편이었으며, 사례연구가 1편이고 나머지 12편이 모두 유사 실험설계이었다. 대상자 수는 총 300명 이상인 논문이 2편, 200명 이상인 논문이 2편, 100명 이상인 논문이 1편이었으며 총 40명 미만은 유사 실험설계 중에서는 1편이었으며, 중재 기간은 일회성인 즉시부터 30개월까지이었다3) 인지기능 중재 프로그램의 효과를 분석한 결과 17편의 중재연구 중 단지 6편만 유의하게 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다.
Abstract
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the trend of cognitive developmental interventions on patients with breast cancer who underwent chemotherapy. Methods: The researcher searched databases and selected 17 literatures using chemotherapy, breast cancer, cognitive function and intervention as searching key words. Searched databases included Ovid, Pubmed, Proquest and Medline and data collection period was from January 2000 to May 2010. Results: Interventions for patients with breast cancer have been continuously developed and frequent research topics included breast cancer, chemotherapy, quality of life, and cognitive function. In terms of study design, four research articles were pre-experimental study designs, one was case study, and the rest of studies were non-equivalent pretest-posttest control group design. Effects of intervention were examined in only 5 studies among 17. The interventions were not found to have direct effects in cognitive improvement. Conclusion: It is needed to figure out the mechanism of cognitive deterioration of the patients with breast cancer who underwent chemotherapy. And nursing interventions needs to be developed in order to hold up the cognitive downhill and help their cognitive rehabilitation.
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