고해상도 수치모델을 이용한 한반도 토네이도성 돌풍 사례에 대한 종관 및 중규모 발생 메커니즘 연구
Synoptic and Meso Scale Mechanisms of Reported Tornado-like Gust Wind Event in Korea Using High-resolution Numerical Simulation
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초록
Reported tornado event occurred in Dangjin, Chungcheongnam-do at 0650~0730 UTC on 15 March 2019 was examined using Weather Research and Forecasting model with four nested domains (dx = 5, 1, 0.2, and 0.05 km). From synoptic analysis in ERA5 reanalysis data, eastward moving upper-level trough was developed rapidly in the Yellow Sea. Strong tropopause folding with Potential Vorticity Unit (PVU) higher than 1.5 PVU moved downward to 600-hPa level in mid troposphere following the trough over the location of tornado event. Under this large-scale background condition, surface front developed very intensively in the west coast of Korea along with strong low-level jet and moisture band at 850-hPa level. In domain 2, the maximum Bulk wind shear at Dorido point was 12.86 m s1. Cold front evolved to be a comma cloud with upper-level trough and strong bulk vertical shear near Dangjin, which include eastward moving gust front revealed as a strong horizontal temperature gradient and convergence near the surface. In domains 3 and 4, the local maximum value of the simulated vertical vorticity (24 × 102 s1) with strong updraft (8.18 m s1) near the observed tornado event along with the surface gust front was found to be a possible area for tornadogenesis from the x-z and time-z cross-sections near the simulated tornado event. In the vorticity budget analysis, the local maximum of vertical vorticity during this event was generated significantly by tilting and stretching forcings.
Abstract
Reported tornado event occurred in Dangjin, Chungcheongnam-do at 0650~0730 UTC on 15 March 2019 was examined using Weather Research and Forecasting model with four nested domains (dx = 5, 1, 0.2, and 0.05 km). From synoptic analysis in ERA5 reanalysis data, eastward moving upper-level trough was developed rapidly in the Yellow Sea. Strong tropopause folding with Potential Vorticity Unit (PVU) higher than 1.5 PVU moved downward to 600-hPa level in mid troposphere following the trough over the location of tornado event. Under this large-scale background condition, surface front developed very intensively in the west coast of Korea along with strong low-level jet and moisture band at 850-hPa level. In domain 2, the maximum Bulk wind shear at Dorido point was 12.86 m s1. Cold front evolved to be a comma cloud with upper-level trough and strong bulk vertical shear near Dangjin, which include eastward moving gust front revealed as a strong horizontal temperature gradient and convergence near the surface. In domains 3 and 4, the local maximum value of the simulated vertical vorticity (24 × 102 s1) with strong updraft (8.18 m s1) near the observed tornado event along with the surface gust front was found to be a possible area for tornadogenesis from the x-z and time-z cross-sections near the simulated tornado event. In the vorticity budget analysis, the local maximum of vertical vorticity during this event was generated significantly by tilting and stretching forcings.
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