18개월 유아의 섭식, 구강위생 관리실태 및 구강상태에 관한 기초조사
A pilot survey on the state of feeding, oral hygiene care tooth eruption and caries in 18-month old infants
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본 조사는 소아치과에서 중요한 시기인 생후 18개월 유아에 대한 체계적인 연구를 위한 기초 조사의 일환으로 부산대학교 병원과 일신기독병원에서 출생한 생후 18개월 유아 154명을 대상으로 구강검진을 하고 그 보호자들을 대상으로 직접 면담을 하여 수유 및 섭식실태, 구강위생관리 실태, 치아맹출과 우식 실태를 조사하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 73%의 유아에서는 여전히 수유가 시행되고 있었으며 그 중 82%는 수면중 수유하거나 수유후 적절한 구강위생관리 없이 잠드는 상태였다. 2. 고형간식은 과일, 비스킷류, 치즈, 빵, 사탕류의 순으로, 음료는 물, 유산균 발효유, 우유, 가당쥬스, 생과일 쥬스의 순으로 많았으며, 전체의 61%가 불규칙한 섭취를 하고 있었다. 3. 구강위생관리에 있어서는 92%가 어떤 방식으로건 관리를 하고 있었고, 유아용 칫솔을 이용하는 경우가 가장 많았으며, 그 시작시기는 평균 13.8개월, 1일 1.6회를 실시하고 있 었고 잇솔질의 주체는 유아가 흉내낸 후 보호자가 마무리하는 경우가 77%로 대부분을 차지하였다. 4. 모든 유절치는 맹출된 상태였으며 제1유구치는 86%, 유견치는 66%의 유아에서 관찰되 었고 개인별 치아의 수는 평균 14.1개였다. 5. 우식이환율은 27.3%이었고 전체우식의 73%는 상악 유절치에 나타났으며 dmft index는 0.97이었다. 본 조사를 통하여 이 연령대 유아 보호자들을 대상으로 적절한 이유시기, 올바른 간식습관과 구강위생방법에 대한 교육이 절실함을 알게 되었다.
Abstract
This survey was performed as a pilot of comprehensive survey of 18-month old infants which is an important period in pediatric dentistry. Through the oral examination of 154 infants of 18-month age, labored at Pusan National University Hospital and Ilsin Christian Hospital, and direct interview with their first caregivers (mother in most cases), we investigated into the state of their weaning and feeding, between-meal snacks, oral hygiene care, tooth eruption and dental caries and obtained the results as follows : 1. 73% of the infants had not yet weaned, and 82% of which were being milked during or before sleep without oral hygine care. 2. Snacks were taken in order of fruits, biscuits, cheese, bread and candies, and beverages in order of water, fermented milks, milk, sugared juice, fresh fruit juice. 61% of the infants ate snacks irregularly. 3. The toothbrush for infants was the most popular way of oral hygiene care. The mean age of initiation of tooth brushing was 13.8 months and the mean frequency was 1.6 times a day. 4. The incisors in all infants, the 1st molars in 86%, and canines in 66% were erupted. The average number of erupted teeth was 14.1. 5. The caries prevalence rate was 27.3% and 73% of total caries was observed in maxillary deciduous incisors. dmft index was 0.97. Through these results, it was concluded that a systematic education about weaning time, mode of snacking and the way of oral hygine care is required for the parents.
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