Correlation between bending strength and porosity in vermiculite added ceramic bodies
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In this study focused on the production, characterization and bending strength-porosity relationship of vermiculite-addedfloor tiles, porcelain and sanitary ware bodies. The materials used in this study are calcined vermiculite, quartz, clay, kaolin,feldspar and porcelain powder as ceramic raw materials. Calcined vermiculite was incorporated into the ceramic bodies atconcentrations of 0.10% and 20% by weight, following a heat treatment at 1050°C for 1 hour. The mixtures underwenthomogenization in alumina ball mills operating at 60 rpm for 24 hours and were subsequently shaped via uniaxial dry pressingat 100 MPa. The resulting pressed samples were then subjected to sintering at temperatures ranging from 1050 to 1150°Cfor 1 hour. Evaluation of the fabricated samples included analysis of microstructure using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), phase analysis via X-ray diffraction (XRD), and assessment of mechanical properties through 3-point bending tests. Additionally, physical properties such as percentage shrinkage, water absorption, porosity, and density were measured. Theresults demonstrated that higher concentrations of calcined vermiculite resulted in improvements in the properties of theceramic bodies. After the characterization results, the bending strength-porosity relationship was examined. Correlationcoefficient, t-test and p values were calculated. There is a strong negative correlation with the correlation coefficient at -0.898,-0.875 and -0.907 for floor tiles, porcelain and sanitary ware respectively.
Abstract
In this study focused on the production, characterization and bending strength-porosity relationship of vermiculite-addedfloor tiles, porcelain and sanitary ware bodies. The materials used in this study are calcined vermiculite, quartz, clay, kaolin,feldspar and porcelain powder as ceramic raw materials. Calcined vermiculite was incorporated into the ceramic bodies atconcentrations of 0.10% and 20% by weight, following a heat treatment at 1050°C for 1 hour. The mixtures underwenthomogenization in alumina ball mills operating at 60 rpm for 24 hours and were subsequently shaped via uniaxial dry pressingat 100 MPa. The resulting pressed samples were then subjected to sintering at temperatures ranging from 1050 to 1150°Cfor 1 hour. Evaluation of the fabricated samples included analysis of microstructure using scanning electron microscopy(SEM), phase analysis via X-ray diffraction (XRD), and assessment of mechanical properties through 3-point bending tests. Additionally, physical properties such as percentage shrinkage, water absorption, porosity, and density were measured. Theresults demonstrated that higher concentrations of calcined vermiculite resulted in improvements in the properties of theceramic bodies. After the characterization results, the bending strength-porosity relationship was examined. Correlationcoefficient, t-test and p values were calculated. There is a strong negative correlation with the correlation coefficient at -0.898,-0.875 and -0.907 for floor tiles, porcelain and sanitary ware respectively.
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