생태관광 추진을 위한 일본의 법제와 그 시사점
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Abstract
The popularity of ecotourism in Korea has recently increased; however, the concept of ecotourism is susceptible to many different meanings. Variations on definitions of ecotourism reflect the different perspectives, values, and interests that different parties have with respect to tourism. But many people seem to understand ecotourism as a type of tourism where the environment, local community and visitor all benefit. In 2007, Japan enacted the Act on Promotion of Ecotourism. The Act has been enforced since April 1, 2008, with three objectives of conservation of the natural environment, tourism promotion and environmental education. It provides four basic principles to promote ecotourism: conserving natural environment, vitalizing tourism, developing local economy, and advancing environmental education through ecotourism. And it establishes the legal definition of ecotourism and its concrete promotion plan. Also, it enables local governments to establish ecological zones to protect ecosystems, and restrict or prohibit specific activities causing pollution in the zones. I took four lessons from Japan’s legal system. First, it is necessary to define the legal meaning of ecotourism, and establish the principles of ecotourism promotion. Second, it required that many interested parties including the State, local governments, experts, tour operators, community people and NGOs participate in promoting ecotourism. Third, it is necessary to establish protected area system and restrict or prohibit unsustainable or environmentally damaging ecotourist operations in the area. Fourth, environmental education should be advanced through ecotourism.
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