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권리의 본질에 대한 세 가지 시험적 고찰

김연미
법학연구원 (Legal Research Institute of Korea University)|2009.12|법학논총 (The Legal Studies Institute of Chosun University)|제26권 제4호|pp. 21-47

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참고문헌

키워드

논거라즈의사설이익설interest theory인권의 보편성권리본질호펠드universality thesisreasons thesisrelation thesisthe nature of rightsa relational will theory
주제분류법학

초록

Abstract

This paper was written in order to study some point of views in theories about the nature of rights. The experimental study on the nature of rights was consisted of three theses derived from the universality of human rights, contentions of interest theory as reasons and reasoning for the justification of rights and Hofeldian Correlative terminologies. I called three theses univerality these, reasons these, and relation these in this paper. In particular this paper was written for relational will theory. The life of human being is an important value. But the life is not a right, of itself. From the life are many rights justified and reasoned. But the justification process is not yet a right. Until making the conclusion as one form of right, that is, a Hohfeldian terminology through the process of justification, right-holder and their parties reflects on and contends with their own positions within their relations each other retrospectively in Hohfeldian cluster rights. In particular, most interest theories including Raz's, are considered only the stage of justification. This paper regards Raz's interest theory not as a intermediate process between interest and duty like Raz's own contention but as any one between universality thesis and relation thesis. On last stage, this paper is thought over relation thesis as a conclusional judgement, in which normative ought and permission(positive and negative ones) play in the role of act-guiding as directives. Even at this time, Hohfeldian terminology identifies who is rights-holder, who is duties-imposer. Through Hohfeld's right theory, this paper is considering a relational will theory. Rights is neither universal vale nor only reason. When we talk rights, we say a correct or wrong relations. In case legal dispute is started, we require a clear conclusion. To make a judgement about a case which is mixed norm and fact, we need Hofeldian terminologies that presuppose two equal party based on political and institutional morality. Relation thesis comes at the end of legal deliberation, after reason thesis. Right-based morality needs universality thesis(from human right), reason thesis(from interest theory) and relation thesis(from normative deontology).

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