장수 장계리 고분군 출토 철기의 금속학적 연구

Abstract

The present study aims to conduct a metallurgical analysis of excavated ancient tomb ironware in Jangsu Janggye-ri and investigate the characteristics of iron manufacturing technology in the Jangsu area. Specifically, the study performs a metallurgical analysis on hammers, anvils, tongs, and iron axes excavated from Tombs No. 8 and No. 9 in Jangsu Janggye-ri. The characteristics of each structure and information on the composition of non-metallic inclusions were verified through microstructure observation using a metallographic microscope and by conducting non-metallic inclusion component analysis using an energy dispersive spectrometer attached thereto. The results were compared by artifact part to determine the raw materials and processing techniques used in the iron manufacturing. As a result, the hammer, anvil, tongs, and iron axe excavated from the Janggye-ri ancient tombs were made of hypo-eutectoid steel and eutectoid steel, hyper-eutectoid steel produced by the solid reduction method, and it was observed that the hammer had a higher carbon content in the edge that requires strength. No signs of heat treatment were verified. Based on the research results, this study selected as comparisons research on the ruins of Hwaseong-ri, Jeungpyeong, and the ruins of Sangun-ri, Wanju where Smith’s tools and other ironware were excavated and analyzed, and compared the results of the metallurgical analysis of ironware excavated at the ruins to verify differences in the manufacturing technology of Smith’s tools and hand tools that were buried. In addition to the results of the excavated ironware analysis of Janggye-ri’s ancient tombs in Jangsu, if metallurgical analysis data of ironware made from Smith’s tools is gathered, the raw materials and processing technology characteristics used in Smith’s tools manufacturing can be identified in detail. Consequently, ironware manufacturing technology in the Jangsu area can be deduced, classified, and compared by era and region.