직무자율성이 직무열의 및 혁신행동에 미치는 영향 : 개인수준의 팀 성과압박에 조절효과를 중심으로
The Effects of Job Autonomy on Work Engagement and Innovative Behavior : The Moderating Effects of Performance Pressure
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초록
급변하는 경영환경 속에서 구성원들은 이전보다 더욱 높은 수준으로 직무열의를 보이며, 새롭고 창의적인 방식으로 직무를 수행해 나가야 한다. 이에 본 연구는 직무열의와 혁신행동을 유발시킬 수 있는 선행요인으로서 직무자율성의 긍정적인 효과성을 탐구하였다. 나아가, 직무자율성이 직무열의 및 혁신행동에 미치는 영향 간에 팀 내에서 구성원이 인지하는 성과압박이 부(-)적 조절효과가 있을 것으로 예측하고 이를 탐구하였다. 실증을 위하여 국내 기업 재직자 485명을 대상으로 2회에 걸쳐 설문조사를 실시하는 종단연구를 진행하였다. 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 직무자율성은 구성원의 직무열의에 정(+)의 관계가 있었다. 둘째, 직무자율성은 구성원의 혁신행동에 정(+)의 관계가 있었다. 셋째, 개인이 인지하는 소속 팀 내 성과압박은 직무자율성과 직무열의 간에 부(-)적 조절효과가 있었다. 마지막으로 개인이 인지하는 소속 팀 내 성과압박은 직무자율성과 혁신행동 간에 부(-)적 조절효과가 있었다. 이와 같은 내용으로 제시한 4가지의 가설은 모두 지지되었다. 본 연구는 팀 내에서 인식한 구성원의 성과압박이 그들의 직무자율성과 직무열의 및 혁신행동 간의 관계를 고찰한 최초의 연구이며, 연구결과를 바탕으로 결론에서는 이론적, 실무적 시사점과 함께 향후 연구과제 및 한계점을 제시하였다.
Abstract
Organizational members are showing a higher level of work engagement in a rapidly changing business environment. They also perform their job in a new and creative ways. According to this point, this research demonstrated the positive effectiveness of job autonomy as a antecedent of work engagement and Innovative Behavior that can improve the two variables. In addition, we consider that it is worth to verify that perceived team performance pressure negatively moderated the relationship between job autonomy and both work engagement and Innovative Behavior. In order to demonstrate hypotheses, we focused a total of 485 employees from 10 organizations in South Korea and conducted a longitudinal study. To prevent common method bias, the survey was conducted in two waves and designed to recruit participants from multiple organizations. The results are showed as follows. First, job autonomy was positively related to work engagement. Second, job autonomy was positively related to Innovative Behavior. Third, perceived team performance pressure negatively moderated the relationship between job autonomy and work engagement. Fourth, perceived team performance pressure negatively moderated the relationship between job autonomy and Innovative Behavior. Regarding the contribution points of this research, it can be seen as the first study to examine the moderating role of perceived team performance pressure in the relationship between job autonomy and both work engagement and Innovative Behavior. According to the results, it provided the theoretical and practical implications. Furthermore, the limitation and direction of future research were discussed.
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