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어린이의 수면호흡장애

Sleep Disordered Breathing in Children

양연미
대한소아치과학회 (The Korean Academy Of Pediatric Dentistry)|2022.11|대한소아치과학회지 (Journal of the Korean academy of pediatric dentistry)|제49권 제4호|pp. 357-367

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참고문헌

키워드

AnkyloglossiaPediatric dentistSleep disordered breathing
주제분류치의학

초록

수면호흡장애(sleep disordered breathing, SDB)는 상기도의 완전한 또는 부분적 폐쇄로 인해 수면 중 반복적인 저호흡과 무호흡이 나타나는 것을 특징으로 하는 질환이다. 소아SDB 유병률은 대략 12 - 15%이며, 호발 연령은 주로 3 - 5세의 미취학 어린이이다. 어린이는 코골이와 잦은 각성부터 야뇨증, 과잉행동에 이르기까지 다양한 증상을 보인다. 어린이에서 SDB의 주원인은 편도 및 아데노이드 비대로 인한 상기도의 폐쇄이다. SDB를 치료하지 않으면 학습 장애, 인지 장애, 행동 문제, 심혈관 질환, 대사 증후군, 저성장 등과 같은합병증을 초래할 수 있다. 소아치과 의사는 SDB의 위험이 있는 소아를 감별하는 특별한 위치에 있다. 소아치과 의사는 SDB와 관련 있는 임상 양상을 인지하고, 소아 수면설문지, 측모두부계측 방사선사진, 휴대용 간이수면검사 등을 이용하여 SDB를 선별하여 전문가에게의뢰할 수 있어야 한다. 소아치과에서는 치료를 위해 상악궁 확장, 하악 전방 유도장치, 설소대 절제술 등을 시행할 수 있다. 소아치과 의사는 장기간의 구호흡과 저위설, 설소대단축증 등이 비정상적인 안면골격 성장 및 수면 문제를 일으킬 수 있음을 인지하고, 이러한 문제점들을 예방할 수 있도록 조기에 개입할 수 있어야 할 것이다.

Abstract

Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is a disease characterized by repeated hypopnea and apnea during sleep due to complete or partial obstruction of upper airway. The prevalence of pediatric SDB is approximately 12 - 15%, and the most common age group is preschool children aged 3 - 5 years. Children show more varied presentations, from snoring and frequent arousals to enuresis and hyperactivity. The main cause of pediatric SDB is obstruction of the upper airway related to enlarged tonsils and adenoids. If SDB is left untreated, it can cause complications such as learning difficulties, cognitive impairment, behavioral problems, cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, and poor growth. Pediatric dentists are in a special position to identify children at risk for SDB. Pediatric dentists recognize clinical features related to SDB, and they should screen for SDB by using the pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ), lateral cephalometry radiograph, and portable sleep monitoring test and refer to sleep specialists. As a therapeutic approach, maxillary arch expansion treatment, mandible advancement device, and lingual frenectomy can be performed. Pediatric dentists should recognize that prolonged mouth breathing, lower tongue posture, and ankyloglossia can cause abnormal facial skeletal growth patterns and sleep problems. Pediatric dentists should be able to prevent these problems through early intervention.

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관련 논문AI추천

구호흡 어린이에서 수면호흡장애와 상기도와의 관계김도영, 김재곤, 양연미, 이대우대한소아치과학회 · 대한소아치과학회지2019 · 제46권 제1호소아 폐쇄성 수면무호흡증후군김민정, 김성완대한 소아알레르기 호흡기학회 · Allergy Asthma & Respiratory Disease2006 · 제16권 제2호치과에서의 소아 수면호흡장애 조기 선별법과 치료법김영재, 옹승환대한치과의사협회 · 대한치과의사협회지2023 · 제61권 제5호소아 수면호흡장애의 예측 인자 평가김재곤, 문소연, 양연미, 이대우대한소아치과학회 · 대한소아치과학회지2020 · 제47권 제4호소아 수면장애호흡 환자의 악안면 성장조절 교정치료김수정, 오승욱대한치과의사협회 · 대한치과의사협회지2021 · 제59권 제8호소아 수면호흡장애의 진단과 상악확장술의 치료효과김도영, 김재곤, 백경희, 양연미, 이대우대한소아치과학회 · 대한소아치과학회지2019 · 제46권 제4호

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