한국 인구집단에서 부정교합 환아의 구개의 크기 및 용적에 관한 연구
A Study on Various Sizes and Volumes of the Palate among the Korean Population in Mixed Dentition
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초록
이 연구의 목적은 혼합치열기의 골격성 I, II, Ⅲ급 부정교합의 구개용적, 폭경, 장경, 고경을 비교하는 것이다. 이 연구는 단국대학교 치과대학병원 소아치과에 내원하여 교정을 목적으로 인상채득한 진단모형 1400개 중 30개를 선별하여 분석하였다. 모형은 Hellman’s dental age ⅢA의 골격성 I, II, Ⅲ급 부정교합으로 구성되었다. 3차원 스캐너로 모형을 스캔한 후 여러 구개 수치들을 측정하였다. SPSS에서 Kruskal-Wallis test를 이용하여 비교 분석하였고, Mann-Whitney test로 사후검정하였다. 혼합치열기의 II급 부정교합에서 I급, Ⅲ급 부정교합에 비해 구개폭경이 유의하게 작았고, 구개장경이 유의하게 길었다. 혼합치열기의 Ⅲ급 부정교합에서 구개고경이 유의하게 가장 컸으며, 그 다음으로는 II급, I급 순이었다. 구개용적은 Ⅲ급, II급, I급 순으로 컸으나, 통계적으로 유의할 만한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 각 교합 양식에 따른 구개 형태의 차이를 이해하는 것은 임상적으로 매우 중요하다. 이번 연구를 바탕으로 구개의 형태와 골격 패턴과의 관계에 대해 이해하였고, 이는 교정 치료 계획, 부정교합 조기 진단 및 구개 형태의 통합 메커니즘을 이해하는 데에 유용한 정보를 제공한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the palatal dimensions (volume, width, length, and height) in different malocclusions (Class I, II, and III) in mixed dentition using a three-dimensional digital scanner. The study was performed on 30 selected casts from 1400 casts that were taken at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry at Dankook University. Casts consisted of Class I, II, and III malocclusion groups in Hellman’s dental age IIIA. The mean age was 8 years and 6 months ± 11 months. Each cast was scanned by three-dimensional digital scanner, Medit T710 (Medit, Seoul, Korea), and shaped into the three-dimensional image and calculated palatal dimensions using the Plan T program (SMD solution, Seoul, Korea). The values were statistically compared and evaluated by Kruskal-Wallis followed by the Mann-Whitney test. According to our results, subjects with Class II malocclusion showed lower palatal width and longer palatal length compared to those with Class I and Class III. For palatal height, Class III malocclusion subjects in mixed dentition exhibited a larger number than Class II and Class I. Lastly, for palatal volume, compared to other malocclusions, Class III showed higher results; however, there were no significant differences. The form of the palate differs in types of malocclusions and understanding of these differences is important in clinical significance. Based on this study, the understanding of the relationship between the shape of the palate and the skeletal pattern provides useful information about orthodontic treatment plans, early diagnosis of malocclusion, and morphological integration mechanisms. Orthopedic treatment in the maxilla should be performed during early and intermediate mixed dentition to enhance treatment efficiency.
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