초간본『李參奉集』에 나타난 李匡呂 학술사상과 실학정신(1)

Abstract

This thesis discusses Woram’s academic thought, focusing on the Learning Principle. Humans are moral beings because they have sincere minds. Sincere minds are dynamic metaphysical Substance. But sincere minds are obscured by desire because they are with the body. In order to reveal the sincere minds hidden by desire, we must reduce our desire. Reducing desire is one method of moral cultivation. Reducing desire is control, not elimination. Therefore, moral cultivation should focus on the change of temperament. Woram wanted to change his temperament through ‘study(爲學)’. The method of moral cultivation suggested by Woram is as follows: control of desire, belief in saint, four desires(四有), five biased emotions(五辟), be careful when you’re alone(謹獨), not deceiving yourself(無自欺), and so on. ‘Four desires’ are ‘anger(忿懥), fear(恐懼), liking(好樂), and worry(憂患). ‘Five biased emotions’ means ‘prejudice[親愛而辟]’, ‘dislike because it is trivial [賤惡而辟]’, ‘biased with fear and respect[畏敬而辟]’ ‘to be biased with pity[哀矜而辟]’ ‘to arrogance and laziness[敖惰而辟]’. ‘Careful and Devout[謹獨]’ means ‘To be cautious when one knows alone’(愼獨). Woram puts the core of ‘careful and devout’ on ‘not deceiving oneself[無自欺]’. The method of study suggested by Woram is as follows: Will like an saint, calm your mind and keep quiet, restraint, grave, politeness, refrain from saying or doing, awe, and so on. ‘calm your mind and keep quiet’ is to stabilize the sincere mind, which is easy to be disturbed by things and vital energy, so as not to be disturbed by things and vital energy. Moral cultivation of Woram as described above is to use sincere mind as if eating when hungry in real life.