고령 임부의 영양 섭취 실태 조사

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the dietary behaviors and nutritional intakes of pregnant women of advanced maternal age in Korea. Methods: Pregnant women were recruited online via regional quota sampling. Self-reported 24-hour dietary recall and dietary behavior questionnaires were administered through an online survey. Data from 538 participants were analyzed. Nutrient intake and foods consumed by meals were analyzed using Can-Pro 6.0 and a word cloud tool, respectively. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS ver. 29 software. Results: The highest score of dietary behavior was for "I eat enough to avoid food shortages,” while the lowest was for drinking alcohol. Statistically significant differences by trimester were observed for the intake of dairy products (F=5.65, p=0.004), high-fiber foods (F=4.54, p=0.011), and fruits and vegetables (F=4.52, p=0.011), with their increased consumption in the third trimester. Caffeine intake differed significantly and was lower during the first trimester. Nutritional analysis revealed an average energy intake of 1,671.80±447.50 kcal, which is below the estimated average requirements. Although sodium intake exceeded the recommended levels, micronutrient intake was mostly insufficient, particularly for vitamin B6, vitamin D, and folate. The intakes of fat, calcium, zinc, and vitamin B3 were significantly higher in the third trimester than in the other trimesters. Conclusion: This study examined the dietary behaviors and nutrient intake levels of pregnant women of advanced maternal age. Given the increased risk of gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, fetal malformations, and low birth weight, it is essential to implement interventions to ensure adequate nutrient intake.