폐플라스틱 열분해 유화 공정의 화재･폭발 위험성 및 안전관리 방안
Fire and Explosion Hazards and Safety Management Measures of Waste Plastic-to-Pyrolysis Oil Conversion Process
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The number of fire and explosion accidents caused by pyrolysis oil and gas at waste plastic pyrolysis plants is increasing,but accident status and safety conditions have not been clearly identified. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify the risks ofthe waste plastic pyrolysis process and suggest appropriate safety management measures. We collected information on 19 cases of fireand explosion accidents that occurred between 2010 and 2021 at 26 waste plastic pyrolysis plants using the Korea Occupational Safetyand Health Agency (KOSHA) database and media reports. The mechanical, managerial, personnel-related, and environmentalproblems within a plant and problems related to government agencies and the design, manufacturing, and installation companiesinvolved with pyrolysis equipment were analyzed using the 4Ms of Machines, Management, Man, and Media, as well as theSystem-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP) methodology for seven accident cases with accident investigation reports. Study findings indicate the need for establishing legal and institutional support measures for waste plastic pyrolysis plants in order toprevent fire and explosion accidents in the pyrolysis process. In addition, ensuring safety from the design and manufacturing stages offacilities is essential, as are measures that ensure systematic operations after the installation of safety devices.
Abstract
The number of fire and explosion accidents caused by pyrolysis oil and gas at waste plastic pyrolysis plants is increasing,but accident status and safety conditions have not been clearly identified. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify the risks ofthe waste plastic pyrolysis process and suggest appropriate safety management measures. We collected information on 19 cases of fireand explosion accidents that occurred between 2010 and 2021 at 26 waste plastic pyrolysis plants using the Korea Occupational Safetyand Health Agency (KOSHA) database and media reports. The mechanical, managerial, personnel-related, and environmentalproblems within a plant and problems related to government agencies and the design, manufacturing, and installation companiesinvolved with pyrolysis equipment were analyzed using the 4Ms of Machines, Management, Man, and Media, as well as theSystem-Theoretic Accident Model and Processes (STAMP) methodology for seven accident cases with accident investigation reports. Study findings indicate the need for establishing legal and institutional support measures for waste plastic pyrolysis plants in order toprevent fire and explosion accidents in the pyrolysis process. In addition, ensuring safety from the design and manufacturing stages offacilities is essential, as are measures that ensure systematic operations after the installation of safety devices.
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