중국 신강 위구르 무캄

Abstract

In the Xinjiang 新疆 (Hsing-chiang) region, the important place of the traffic of the ancient Silk Road, the musical characteristics of several peoples have harmonized with each other to develop into the peculiar Uyyur 維五爾 (Wei-wu-êrh) music. Mukamu, handed down by the Uyyur people of each district of Xinjiang, are divided into Uyyur 12 Muqam, Turupan Mukam, Tarang Muqam, Hami Muqam according to its characteristics. four kinds of Uyyur Muqam, handed down among the Uyyur people of different regions, are the instrumental suite. They begin with the ‘sanpan-sŏch'ang’ which is not uniform in each part and have some measure of improvisation at the time of their performance. As the Chinese scholar Zhou-ji mentioned Muqam as a kind of common ‘musical phenomenon,’ the musical phenomenon now exists in 20 countries or more in the world. It is thought that this it is related to the Korean musical system of Sanjo or Pansori. And the ancient Silk Road music not only has a great effect on the artistic field of each people but also the findings of studies in each of the humanities, such as “Culture of the Race Dwelling in the Tarim Basin,” “Rise and Fall of Buddhism of the Countries Bordering on Western China,” “The Life of the Uyyur and the Formation and Change of Peoples in the Ancient History of Silk Road” and the like have a great influence on artistic fields such as dance, drama, music and the like of the ancient countries bordering on western China and the ancient Silk Road. To know the musical culture of the Silk Road, multi-disciplinary and inter-disciplinary studies should be conducted, and it is expected that many studies will be conducted concerning this field in the future.