Human Error Analysis Technique and Its Application to Marine Accidents
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The management of safety at sea is based on a set of internationally accepted regulations and codes, governing or guiding the design and operation of ships. The regulations most directly concerned with human safety and protection of the environment are, in general, agreed internationally through the International Maritime Organization(IMO). IMO has continuously dealt with safety problems and, recognized that the human element is a key factor in both safety and pollution prevention issues(IMO, 2010). This paper proposes a human error analysis methodology which is based on the human error taxonomy and theories (SHELL model, GEMS model and etc.) that were discussed in the IMO guidelines for the investigation of human factors in marine casualties and incidents. In this paper, a cognitive process model, a human error analysis technique and a marine accident causal chains focused on human factors are discussed, and towing vessel collision accidents are analyzed as a case study in order to examine the applicability of the human error analysis technique to marine accidents. Also human errors related to those towing vessel collision accidents and their underlying factors are discussed in detail.
Abstract
The management of safety at sea is based on a set of internationally accepted regulations and codes, governing or guiding the design and operation of ships. The regulations most directly concerned with human safety and protection of the environment are, in general, agreed internationally through the International Maritime Organization(IMO). IMO has continuously dealt with safety problems and, recognized that the human element is a key factor in both safety and pollution prevention issues(IMO, 2010). This paper proposes a human error analysis methodology which is based on the human error taxonomy and theories (SHELL model, GEMS model and etc.) that were discussed in the IMO guidelines for the investigation of human factors in marine casualties and incidents. In this paper, a cognitive process model, a human error analysis technique and a marine accident causal chains focused on human factors are discussed, and towing vessel collision accidents are analyzed as a case study in order to examine the applicability of the human error analysis technique to marine accidents. Also human errors related to those towing vessel collision accidents and their underlying factors are discussed in detail.
참고문헌 (12)
- IMO, "Amendments to the Code for the Investigation of Marine Casualties and Incidents", Resolution A, 849(20) (2000)
- IMO, "Consolidated text of the Guidelines for Formal Safety Assessment (FSA) for use in the IMO rule-making process (MSC", Circ.1023-MEPC, INF.2, 2007[DOI]
- Jong, J. Y., "A Study on the Analysis and the Quantification of Effect Level of Causal Factors in Tanker Casualties", Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation, 22(1), pp.23~30 (1998)
- Written Accident Report, "KMST", KMST, ~, pp.11-1520595-000003-10 (2008)
- Written Accident Report, "KMST", KMST, ~ (2008)
- "Statistics of marine accidents causes (2002~2006), Accessed 14th October 2009"[URL]
- Grech, M. R., "Human Factors in the Maritime Domain" (2008), CRC Press
- Reason, J., "Human error" (1990), Cambridge University Press
- Ren, J., "A methodology to model causal relationships on offshore safety assessment focusing on human and organizational factors", Journal of Safety Research, 39, pp.87~100 (2008)
- Shorrock, S.T., "Development and application of a human error identification tool for air traffic control", Applied Ergonomics, 33, pp.319~336 (2002)