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학령기로의 전환 동안 유아의 내재화 문제행동 발달에 미치는 아버지 및 어머니 우울과 유아 사회적 유능성의 영향

The effects of parents’ depression and child’s social competence on the development of internalizing problem behavior during the transition to school

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한국유아교육학회 (The Korean Society For Early Childhood Education)|2021.05|유아교육연구 (Korean Journal of Early Childhood Education)|제41권 제3호|pp. 79-102|DOI 10.18023/kjece.2021.41.3.004

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참고문헌

키워드

resilience내재화 문제행동사회적 유능성social competenceinternalizing problem behavior탄력성부모 우울parental depression학령기로의 전환transition to school
주제분류교육학

초록

본 연구는 한국아동패널 7차년도와 8차년도 자료(N=1,031)를 사용하여 유아기에서 학령기로 전환하는 6세에서 7세 사이 내재화 문제행동의 발달에 미치는 부모 우울과 아동 사회적 유능성의 가산적(additive) 효과와 상호작용 효과를 살펴보고자 하였다. 부모 우울 변인에는 아버지와 어머니 우울을 모두 포함하였다. 연구결과는 이 시기 동안 내재화 문제행동이 상당히 안정적이라는 것과, 이러한 안정성에도 불구하고 초기의 부모 우울과 아동 사회적 유능성이 단독으로도, 그리고 상호작용을 통해서도 이후의 내재화 문제행동 수준을 유의하게 예측한다는 것을 보여주었다. 부모 우울은 아동 내재화 문제의 위험을 증가시키는 반면, 아동 사회적 유능성은 내재화 문제를 감소시키고 부모 중 아버지 우울의 영향을 완충하는 조절효과를 나타냈다. 조절효과 분석결과, 사회적 유능성이 낮았던 아동들은 내재화 문제의 증가에 미치는 아버지 우울의 영향이 매우 유의했지만, 사회적 유능성이 높았던 아동들은 이러한 아버지 우울의 부정적영향이 전혀 나타나지 않았다. 결과는 내재화 문제행동의 초기발달에 대한 경험적 기반을 확장함과 동시에 아동 탄력성 관점에서 유아기에 획득한 사회적 유능성의 보호적 기능을 밝혔다는의의를 지닌다. 결과가 지니는 시사점이 내재화 문제행동의 예방과 개입 측면에서 논의되었다.

Abstract

This short-term longitudinal study aimed to examine the effects of father’s and mother’s depression and child’s social competence on the development of internalizing problem behavior during the transition from early childhood to elementary school (ages 6-7). Data (N=1,031) from the 7th and 8th waves of the Panel Study on Korean Children were used to analyze these effects. The results showed that children’s internalizing problems were highly stable during this transition. Despite such stability, early parental depression and social competence had both additive and interactive effects on the development of internalizing problems. While both father’s and mother’s depression appeared as risk factors in this development, child’s social competence appeared as a protective factor by buffering the effect of father’s depression on an increase of internalizing problems. Specifically, father’s depression was related to an increase in internalizing problems for children with low social competence only. The findings contribute to a growing area of research on the early development of internalizing problems. By adopting a resilience perspective, this study highlights the importance of early social competence. Further implications were discussed in terms of prevention and intervention for internalizing problem behavior of young children.

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