폐니켈수소전지에서 회수된 희토류복합 침전분말로부터 세륨 회수에 대한 연구
A Study on the Separation of Cerium from Rare Earth Precipitates Recovered from Waste NiMH Battery
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초록
폐니켈수소전지에 함유되어 있는 세륨을 회수하기 위하여 침출 및 침전을 통해 회수한 희토류복합 침전분말을 수산화나트륨(NaOH) 수용액에 반응온도 70 o C 및 반응시간 4시간의 조건에서 이온치환반응을 통하여 희토류 수산화물로 변환시켰다. 이후 희토류 수산화물은 반응온도 80 o C에서 반응시간 4시간의 조건에서 공기를 주입하며 산화반응을 통해 세륨을 Ce3+ 에서 Ce4+ 로 전환시켰다. 세륨의 산화율은 XPS 분석을 통해 약 25 %로 확인하였으며, 산화반응이 완료된 분말은 묽은 황산에 대한 용해도 차이를이용하여 세륨과 나머지 희토류를 분리하였다. 최종적으로 회수된 분말은 XRD 분석을 통해 수산화세륨(Ce(OH)4)의 결정상을 확인하였으며, 이때 세륨의 순도는 약 94.6 %, 회수율은 97.3 %를 나타내었다.
Abstract
In order to recover the cerium contained in the spent nickel metal hydride batteries (NiMH battery), the recovered rare earth complex precipitates from NIMH were converted into rare earth hydroxides through ion exchange reaction to react with NaOH aqueous solution at a reaction temperature of 70 ℃, for 4 hours. Rare earth hydroxides were oxidized by injecting air at 80 ℃ for 4 hours to oxidize Ce3+ to Ce4+ . The oxidation rate of cerium was confirmed to be about 25 % through XPS, and the oxidized powder was separated from the rest of the rare earth using the difference in solubility in dilute sulfuric acid. The finally recovered powder has a crystal phase of cerium hydroxide (Ce(OH)4). The cerium purity of the final product was about 94.6 %, and the recovery rate was 97.3 %.
참고문헌 (18)
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