廢電氣電子機器 스크랩으로부터 貴金屬 및 有價金屬 回收를 위한 乾式工程 技術 現況
Current Status on the Pyrometallurgical Process for Recovering Precious and Valuable Metals from Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment(WEEE) Scrap
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각종 전기전자제품의 제조과정 또는 사용 후 해체 과정에서 배출되는 폐전기전자기기(WEEE) 스크랩으로부터 금, 은, 팔라듐등 귀금속과 구리, 주석, 니켈등 유가금속의 회수는 금속 재활용측면뿐만 아니라 환경 유해물질 저감의 측면에서도 매우 중요하다. 일반적으로 WEEE 스크랩은 여러 종류의 금속과 합금뿐만 아니라 내화 산화물과 플라스틱 성분 등으로 구성된 복합물질이다. WEEE 스크랩에 함유된 귀금속과 유가금속은 가스휘발공정, 건식공정 또는 습식공정으로 회수될 수 있다. 그러나 가스휘발공정과 습식공정은 아직 기초연구단계에 머물고 있는 실정으로, 현재 WEEE 스크랩으로부터 금, 은, 팔라듐 및 구리 등을 회수하기위한 상업적인 플랜트의 대부분은 건식공정으로 이루어지고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 WEEE 스크랩으로부터 귀금속 및 유가금속을 회수하는 건식공정에 대하여 소개하고, 폐동슬래그를 슬래그 형성제로 활용하여 WEEE 스크랩으로부터 귀금속 및 유가금속을 회수하기 위한 규모 확대 실험에 대한 결과를 제시한다.
Abstract
In terms of resources recycling and resolving waste disposal problems, it is very important to recover precious metals like Au, Ag and Pd and valuable metals like Cu, Sn and Ni from the scraps of waste electrical and electronic equipment(WEEE) that consists of detective electrical and electronic parts discarded during manufacturing electrical and electronic equipments and waste electrical and electronic parts generated during disassembling them. In general, the scraps of WEEE are composed of various metals and alloys as well as refractory oxides and plastic components. Precious and valuable metals from the scraps of WEEE can be recovered by gas-phase-volatilization, hydrometallurgical, or pyrometallurgical processes. However, the gas-phase-volatilization and hydrometallurgical processes have been suggested but not yet commercialized. At the present time, most of the commercial plants for recovering precious and valuable metals from the scraps of WEEE adopt pyrometallurgical processes. Therefore, in this paper, the technical and environmental aspects on the important pyrometallurgical processes through literature survey are reviewed, and the scale-up result of a new pyrometallurgical process for recovering the precious and valuable metals contained in the scraps of WEEE using waste copper slag is presented.
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