바나듐함유 티탄철석 정광으로부터 황산 침출법에 의한 바나듐의 침출거동 및 유가금속의 회수가능성
Leaching Behavior of Vanadium and Possibility of Recovery of Valuable Metals from VTM Concentrate by Sulfuric Acid Leaching
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초록
국내 바나듐 함유 티탄철석으로부터 직접 산 침출법에 의한 바나듐 및 유가금속의 침출거동과 회수가능성에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 본 연구에 사용된 국내 연천산 티탄철석 정광은 0.8% V2O5를 함유하고 있었으며 HSC 프로그램을 통해 magnetite와 ilmenite의 비율이1.9:1로 계산되었다. 바나듐 함유 정광으로부터 황산농도 및 온도별 침출실험을 통해 바나듐의 침출율은 Fe의 침출거동과 매우 유사하였으며 ilmenite 내 Ti의 침출은 75℃ 이상에서 TiOSO4의 형태로 침출 될 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. VTM 정광 내 V, Fe, Ti의 침출율을 향상시키기 위해 황산산화 및 황산환원침출을 수행하였고 환원제로 Na2SO3를 사용할 시 바나듐의 침출율은 80% 였으나 Ti의 침출율은 황산침출과 비교하여 20% 상승한 55%까지 침출되었다. 반면 산화제로 Na2S2O8을 첨가할 시, 바나듐은 거의 전량 침출되었으며 XRD 기기분석을 통해 잔사 내 주성분이 ilmenite임을 알 수 있었다. 산화 및 환원 침출용액으로부터 유가금속의 회수가능성에 대한 용매추출 연구를통해 산화 침출용액에서는 그 어떤 금속도 선택성이 없었던 반면 환원침출용액에서는 Cyanex 923 용매화 추출제에 의해 Ti이 Fe와 V으로부터 선택적으로 추출될 수 있는 가능성을 보였다.
Abstract
A study was conducted in Korea on the leaching behavior and possibility of recovery of vanadium and other valuable metals from domestic vanadium titanomagnetite (VTM) by direct acid leaching. In this study, a VTM concentrate containing 0.8% V2O5 was used, and the ratio of magnetite to ilmenite was calculated as 1.9:1 by using the HSC program. The leaching behavior of vanadium from the VTM was similar to that of iron, and it was affected by the concentration of sulfuric acid and temperature. Further, titanium could be leached in the form of TiOSO4 at a temperature higher than 75°C. To improve the leaching efficiency of V, Fe, and Ti in VTM, reductive sulfuric acid and oxidative sulfuric acid leaching were performed. When Na2SO3 was used as a reducing agent, the leaching rate of vanadium was 80% of that in that case of leaching by sulfuric acid. Similarly, the leaching rate of titanium increased from 20% to 50%. When Na2S2O8 was used as an oxidation agent, most of the vanadium was leached, and the main residue found by XRD analysis was ilmenite. In studies on the possibility of recovering valuable metals, the selective extraction of metals is hardly achieved by solvent extraction from oxidation leaching solutions; however, in this study, Cyanex 923, a solvation extractant from reductive leaching solutions, could selectively extract Ti.
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