압적 대처 유형과 공감 간 관계에서의 특성메타-기분의 중재효과
The Moderator Effects of Meta-Mood on the Relationship between Repressive Coping Style and Empathy
0
조회
0
다운로드
6
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구의 목적은 억압적 대처 유형과 공감 간 관계에서의 특성메타-기분의 중재효과를 검증하는 것이다. 대학생 248명(남자 92명, 여자 156명)에게 정서 공감 척도, 특성메타-기분 척도, Marlowe-Crowne 사회적 바람직성 척도, 명백 불안 척도를 실시하였다. 대학생들을 Marlowe- Crowne 사회적 바람직성 척도와 명백 불안 척도에서의 평균 점수를 기준으로 네 집단으로 분류하였다: 고불안-고방어 집단, 고불안 집단, 억압 집단, 저불안 집단. 위계적 회귀분석 절차를 통해, 억압적 대처 유형과 특성메타-기분이 공감에 미치는 효과를 검증하였다. 본 연구 결과, 특성메타-기분은 억압적 대처 유형과 공감 간 관계에서 유의미한 중재효과를 나타냈다. 이러한 결과에 기초하여, 지각된 정서적 유능성과 불안, 방어, 그리고 공감 간 관계가 논의되었다.
Abstract
The purpose of the present study is to examine the moderator effects of meta-mood on the relationship between repressive coping style and empathy. The Emotional Empathy Scale, the TMMS (Trait Meta-Mood Scale), the Marlowe-Crowne Social Desirability Scale, and the Manifest Anxiety Scale were administered to 248 university students (96 males, 156 females). Using both the average scores on the Social Desirability Scale and the Manifest Anxiety Scale as the cut-off scores, the subjects were divided into four groups: high anxiety-high defensiveness, high anxiety, repression, and low anxiety. Hierarchical regression was used to examine the effects of repressive coping style and trait meta-mood on empathy. The results showed that trait meta-mood exerted significant effects on the relationship between repressive coping style and empathy. Based on these findings, the relationships among anxiety, defensiveness, empathy, and self- perceived emotional intelligence were discussed.
참고문헌 (65)
- 박광배, "변량분석과 회귀분석" (2003), 학지사
- 박성희, "공감학,어제와 오늘" (2004), 학지사
- 이수정, "Trait Meta-Mood Scale의 타당화에 관한 연구: 정서지능의 하위 요인에 대한 탐색", 한국심리학회지: 사회 및 성격, 11(1), pp.95~116 (1997)
- 이용승, "강박사고 억제의 역설적 효과", 박사, pp.2000
- Albrecht,H., "Medicinal diagnostics of pain between myth and reality―chronic lower back pain, an illness of the upright walk", Forsch Komplementarmed Klass Naturheilkd, 8, pp.288~294 (2001)
- American Psychiatric Association, "Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental Disorders 4th ed. (DSM-IV)" (1994), American Psychiatric Association
- Batson,C.D., "Empathic Joy and the Empathy?Altruism Hypothesis", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61, pp.413~426 (1991)
- Bendig,A.W., "The development of short form of the Manifest Anxiety Scale", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 20, pp.384~ (1956)
- Borke,H., "Interpersonal perception of young children: Egocentrism or empathy", Developmental Psychology, 5, pp.262~269 (1972)
- Bonano, G. A., "Repressive personality style: Theoretical and methodological implications for health and pathology. In J. L. Singer (Ed.), Repression and dissociation: Implications for personality theory, psychopathology, and health", ~ (1990)
- Byrne,D., "The repression- sensitzation scale: rationale, reliability. and validity", Journal of Personality, 29, pp.334~349 (1961)
- Chandler,M.J., "Ersatz egocentrism: A reply to H. Borke. Developmental", Psychology, 7, pp.104~106 (1972)
- Ciarrochi,J.V., "A critical evaluation of the emotional intelligence construct", Personality and Individual Differences, 28, pp.539~561 (2000)
- Davis,P.J., "Repression and the inaccessibility of affective memories", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52, pp.155~162 (1987)
- Dymond,R., "Personality and empathy", Journal of Consulting Psychology, 14, pp.343~350 (1950)
- Eisenberg,N., "Critical issues in the study of empathy in : Empathy: A developmental perspective", pp.3~13 (1987), Cambridge University Press
- Feshbach,N.D., "Empathy in children: Some theoretical and empirical considerations", Counseling Psychologist, 5, pp.25~30 (1975)
- Feshbach,N.D., "Studies of empathic behavior in children in : Progress in experimental personality research" (1978), Academic Press
- Frazier,P.A., "Testing moderator and mediator effects in counseling psychology", Journal of Counseling Psycholo, 51, pp.115~134 (2004)
- Freud, S., "Repression. In The Standard edition the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud" (1915), Hogarth Press
- Freud, S., "Civilization and its discontents. In The Standard edition the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud" (1930), Hogarth Press
- Freud, S., "Further remarks on the neuro-psychoses of defence. In The Standard edition the complete psychological works of Sigmund Freud" (1896), Hogarth Press
- Furnham,A., "Repression and effective coping style", European Journal of Personality, 13, pp.465~492 (1999)
- Gladstein,G.A., "Empathy and Counseling Outcome: An Empirical and Conceptual Review", Counseling Psychologist, 6, pp.70~79 (1977)
- Gohm,C.L., "Affect as information: An individual-differences approach in : The wisdom in feeling: Psychological processes in emotional intelligence", pp.89~113 (2002), The Guilford Press
- Gohm,C.L., "Four emotion traits and their involvement in attributional style, coping and well-being", Cognition and Emotion, 16, pp.495~518 (2002)
- Harenstam,A., "Coping with anger-provoking situations, psychosocial working conditions, and ECG -detected signs of coronary heart disease", Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 5, pp.191~203 (2000)
- Henry,J.P., "Stress, salt and hypertension", Social Science & Medicine, 26, pp.293~302 (1988)
- Hiller,J.E., "Breast cancer: a psychogenic disease", Women Health, 15, pp.5~18 (1989)
- Hoffman,M.L., "Interaction of affect and cognition in empathy in : Emotions, cognition, and behavior", pp.103~131 (1984), Cambridge University Press
- Jahoda,G., "Theodor Lipps and the shift from sympathy to empathy", Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences, 41, pp.151~163 (2005)
- Johnson,J.A., "The structure of empathy", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, pp.1299~1312 (1983)
- Kohut,H., "The search for the self: Selected writings of Heinz Kohut 1950-1978" (1978), International Universities Press
- Krebs,D., "Empathy and altruism", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 32, pp.1134~1146 (1975)
- Macrae, C. N., "Out of mind but back in sight: Stereotypes on the rebound", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, pp.808~817 (1994)
- Mayer,J.D., "What is emotional intelligence in : Emotional intelligence", pp.29~59 (1997), National Professional Resources, Inc
- Mayer,J.D., "Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test: MSCEIT item booklet" (2002), MHS
- Mehrabian,A., "A measure of emotional empathy", Journal of Personality, 40, pp.525~543 (1972)
- Newman,L.S., "A new look at defensive projection: Thought suppression, accessibility, and biased person perception", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, pp.980~1001 (1997)
- Norman,R.D., "The relationships among projection, empathy, reality and adjustment, operationally defined", Journal of Consulting Psychology, 18, pp.53~58 (1954)
- Norman,R.D., "The relationship between measures of individual and mass empathy", Journal of Consulting Psychology, 20, pp.79~82 (1956)
- Packard,R.C., "When headaches are good", Headache, 29, pp.100~102 (1989)
- Phipps,S., "Repressive adaptive style in children with chronic illness", Psychosomatic medicine, 64, pp.34~42 (2002)
- Pyszczynski,T., "Defensive distancing from victims of serious illness: The role of delay", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 21, pp.13~20 (1995)
- Rogers,C.R., "The necessary and sufficient conditions of therapeutic personality change", Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 21, pp.95~103 (1957)
- Rogers,C.R., "Empathic: An Unappreciated way of being", Counseling Psychologist, 5, pp.2~10 (1975)
- Salovey,P., "Emotional intelligence: Another way to be smart" (1996), Korea Institute of Social Psychiatry & Samsung Life Insurance Company
- Salovey,P., "Emotional intelligence", Imagination Cognition and Personality, 9, pp.185~211 (1990)
- Salovey, P., "Emotional attention, clarity, and repair: Exploring emotional intelligence using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. In J. Pennebaker (Ed.), Emotion, disclosure, and health (pp.125-254). Wash", ~ (1995)
- Schimel,J., "Running from the shadow: psychological distancing from others to deny characteristics people fear in themselves", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, pp.446~462 (2000)
- Strayer,J.., "A naturalistic study of empathic behavior and their relation to affective states and perspective-taking skills in preschool children", Child Development, 51, pp.815~822 (1980)
- Sullivan,H.S., "The relationship of manifest anxiety to repression -sensitization on the MMPI", Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, pp.763~764 (1969)
- Taylor,J.A., "A personality scale of manifest anxiety", Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 48, pp.285~290 (1953)
- Titchner,E.B., "Lectures on the experimental psychology of thought processes" (1909), Macmillan
- Titchner,E.B., "A textbook of psychology" (1910), Macmillan
- Toi,M., "More evidence that empathy is a source of altruistic motivation", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 43, pp.281~292 (1982)
- Truax,C.B., "Client and therapist transparency in the psychotherapeutic encounter", Journal of Counseling Psychology, 12, pp.3~9 (1965)
- Vaillant,G.E.., "Adaptation to life" (1977), Little, Brown
- Vaillant,G.E., "Repression in college men followed for half a century in : Repression and dissociation: Implications for personality theory, psychopathology, and health", pp.259~27 (1990), University of Chicago Press
- Vaillant,G.E., "Ego mechanisms of defense.: A guide for clinicians and researchers" (1992), American Psychiatric Press
- Vaillant,G.E., "Adaptive mental mechanism: Their role in a positive psychology", American Psychologist, 55, pp.89~98 (2000)
- Weinberger,D.A., "The construct validity of the repressive coping style in : Repression and dissociation: Implications for personality theory, psychopathology, and health", pp.337~386 (1990), University of Chicago Press
- Weinberger,D.A., "Low-anxious, high-anxious and expressive coping styles: psychometric patterns and behavioral and physiological response to stress", Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 88, pp.369~380 (1979)
- Wisp? L., "The Distinction Between Sympathy and Empathy: To Call Forth a Concept, A Word Is Needed", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 50, pp.314~321 (1986)
- Yellowlees,P.M., "Psychological defenses and coping styles in patients following a life-threatening attack of asthma", Chest, 95, pp.1298~1303 (1989)
