경도 인지 장애 노인을 위한 다요인 인지 능력 향상 프로그램의 효과
Efficacy of a Multifactorial Cognitive Ability Enhancement Program in MCI(Mild Cognitive Impairment)
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‘경도인지장애(MCI, Mild Cognitive Impairment)’는 치매 수준에 해당되지 않지만 인지 기능의 저하, 특히 기억력에서 감퇴를 보이는 것을 말한다. 본 연구의 목적은 다요인 인지 능력 향상 프로그램이 MCI 노인의 객관적 인지 능력과 주관적 평가에 효과를 미치는지를 검증하는 것이다. 연구에 참여한 사람은 CERAD-K를 통해 경도인지장애로 진단 받은 노인 32명으로 이들은 각각 프로그램 집단과 통제 집단에 무선적으로 할당 되었다. 다요인 인지 능력 향상 프로그램은 기억 기능 등의 인지 기능에 대한 교육 및 이와 관련된 신념의 인지적 재구조화, 인지 능력 향상 기술 훈련 등의 내용으로 이루어져 있다. 연구 결과, 프로그램에 참여한 집단은 대부분의 인지 기능 수행과 기억 통제감이 유의하게 향상되었고, 기억에 대한 주관적 불편감도 유의한 수준으로 감소하였다. 이러한 연구 결과는 본 프로그램이 MCI 노인들이 경험하는 인지 기능 문제를 감소시키고 기억 관련 신념을 향상시키는데 도움을 줄 수 있다는 것을 시사한다. 향후에는 이러한 프로그램의 단독 효과를 확인하기 위해 약물 처치와 혼합된 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
‘Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)’ refers to a decline in cognitive functions but not as dementia, especially in memory. The purpose of this study was to examine the efficacy of a multifactorial cognitive ability enhancement program on cognitive performance and subjective appraisal of MCI. Thirty-two elderly study participants who were diagnosed with MCI using the CERAD-K (Korean version of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease) were randomized in a program group (receiving treatment) and control group. A multifactorial cognitive ability enhancement program that included education about cognitive functioning (e.g., memory functioning), cognitive restructuring for memory-related beliefs and cognitive performance skills training was compared to a control condition. The result indicate that the individuals in the program group had significantly better cognitive performance (e.g., verbal memory, face memory, etc.) and memory controllability and lower subjective memory complaints at the end of program. Findings suggest that individuals with MCI can benefit from a multifactorial cognitive ability enhancement training. For further development of efficacy of such program, study that is combined with cognitive ability enhance program and medications is needed.
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