제의적 관점으로 다시 본 쏜톤 와일더의 [우리 읍내]
Re-examining Thornton Wilder's Ritualistic Play, Our Town, Through Anthropologic Perspectives
0
조회
0
다운로드
2
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
According to his theory of theatre in Some Thoughts on Playwriting, Thornton Wilder strongly believes that theatres in his days have been corrupted by a realistic trend. Instead, he praises the golden age of theatre such as the Greek and Shakespearean eras, when both goals of efficacy and entertainment were achieved. During these eras, theatre became a space for celebrating ritual or festival for all the people; therefore, Wilder wants to restore the spirit of ritual/festival in the theatre experience. Wilder’s theory of theatre is exemplified in Our Town written in 1938. In order to examine Wilder’s attempt to restore ritualistic spirit to the plays, I have applied well-known concepts of Victor Turner. Turner characterizes ritual and theatre as liminal phenomena(inbetween/threshold state) where participants experience communitas(“the modality of human being’s interrelatedness”). Furthermore, Turner considers that theatre and ritual share a common ground regarding their emphasis on repetition of human beings’ universal patterns. Our Town is a ritualistic play in that this play creates liminal phenomenon and communitas as well as it uses mime as symbol. Wilder removes realistic scenery and props; instead, actors in Our Town express situations through miming in almost empty space. Thus, actors’ mimed behaviors themselves become symbols of everyday life actions. Through Emily’s realization of life, which itself is a liminal phenomenon, the audience have an opportunity to deliberate on their lives with different and changed perspectives. Even though Emily cannot resurrect from death, the audience can “resurrect” from an ignorant stage like death, where they have not appreciated the significance of life.
Abstract
According to his theory of theatre in Some Thoughts on Playwriting, Thornton Wilder strongly believes that theatres in his days have been corrupted by a realistic trend. Instead, he praises the golden age of theatre such as the Greek and Shakespearean eras, when both goals of efficacy and entertainment were achieved. During these eras, theatre became a space for celebrating ritual or festival for all the people; therefore, Wilder wants to restore the spirit of ritual/festival in the theatre experience. Wilder’s theory of theatre is exemplified in Our Town written in 1938. In order to examine Wilder’s attempt to restore ritualistic spirit to the plays, I have applied well-known concepts of Victor Turner. Turner characterizes ritual and theatre as liminal phenomena(inbetween/threshold state) where participants experience communitas(“the modality of human being’s interrelatedness”). Furthermore, Turner considers that theatre and ritual share a common ground regarding their emphasis on repetition of human beings’ universal patterns. Our Town is a ritualistic play in that this play creates liminal phenomenon and communitas as well as it uses mime as symbol. Wilder removes realistic scenery and props; instead, actors in Our Town express situations through miming in almost empty space. Thus, actors’ mimed behaviors themselves become symbols of everyday life actions. Through Emily’s realization of life, which itself is a liminal phenomenon, the audience have an opportunity to deliberate on their lives with different and changed perspectives. Even though Emily cannot resurrect from death, the audience can “resurrect” from an ignorant stage like death, where they have not appreciated the significance of life.
참고문헌 (22)
- 김계숙, "연극주의와 경극: Our Town을 중심으로", 현대영미드라마, 19(1), pp.77~103 (2006), 한국현대영미드라마학회
- 노경희, "손톤 와일더의 연극과 연극주의: 『위기일발』을 중심으로", 영미어문학, 53, pp.197~221 (1998)
- 마틴 에슬린, "연극의 해부" (1988), 신아출판사
- 사공일, "들뢰즈의 연극론", 영어영문학연구, 49(4), pp.187~205 (2007), 한국중앙영어영문학회
- 양원옥, "Our Town의 원형적 차원", 인문사회과학편 논문집, 8, pp.61~75 (1989), 순천대학교
- 최치림, "연극에 있어서 공동창조(collective creation)의 본질에 대한 연구", 중앙대학교 예술대학 창론, 15, pp.47~76 (1996), 중앙대학교 한국예술 연구소
- 빅터 터너, "제의에서 연극으로: 인간이 지니는 놀이의 진지성" (1996), 현대미학사
- 이미원, "연극과 인류학" (2005), 연극과 인간
- Aronson, Arnold, "American Avant-garde Theatre: A History" (2000), Routledge
- Bigsby, C.W.E., "A Critical Intorudction to Twentieth-Century American Drama 1: 1900-1940" (1982), Cambridge UP
- Burbank, Rex, "Thornton Wilder" (1961), College & University Press
- Carlson, Marvin, "Theories of the Theatre: Historical and Critical Survey" (1993), Cornell UP
- Cowley, Malcolm, "Morality in Wilder’s Work in : Readings on Thornton Wilder", pp.68~75 (1998), Greenhaven Press
- Dukore, Bernard F., "Dramatic Theory and Criticism: Greeks to Grotowski" (1974), Harcourt
- Goldstone, Richard H., "An Interview with the Author in : Readings on Thornton Wilder", pp.33~42 (1998), Greenhaven Press
- McCarthy, Mary, "A Contemporary Review in : Readings on Thornton Wilder", pp.132~135 (1998), Green haven Press
- Schechner, Richard, "Performance Theory" (2003), Routledge
- Scott, Winfield Townley, "Our Town’s Big and Little Wheels in : Readings on Thornton Wilder", pp.123~131 (1998), Greenhaven Press
- Turner, Victor, "Are there universals of performance in myth, ritual, and drama? in : By Means of Performance: Intercultural Studies of Theatre and Ritual", pp.8~18 (1990), Cambridge UP
- Turner,Victor, "From Ritual to Theatre: The Human Seriousness of Play" (1982), PAJ Publications
- Turner, Victor, "Social Drama and Stories About Them(1973)", pp.1153~1169 (1973), Routledge
- Wilder, Thornton, "Thornton Wilder: Our Town, The Skin of Our Teeth, The Matchmaker" (1962), Penguin Books