지혜전통의 계승과 혁신: 전도서에 사용된 이른바‘서술형 사고패턴’의 유래에 대한 소고
The Succession and Innovation of the Wisdom Tradition: The Origin of the So-called “Descriptive-Think-Pattern” Used in Ecclesiastes
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초록
본 연구는 최근까지의 전도서의 연구 동향을 간단히 정리하여 요약하며, 전도서의 통합적 연구에 장애요인이 되었던 해석학적 전제인 ‘변증법적 신학’의 한계를 지적하였다. 필자는 전도서의 내용적 특이성을 해결하는 출발점을, 구약의 전통적인 지혜문학에서 사용하던 ‘관찰-사유-지식 확립’을 기본 뼈대로 하는 ‘서술형 사고패턴’에서 찾았으며, 이러한 사고패턴이 발견되는 대표적인 실례로서 잠언 24장 30-34절과 전도서 3장 16-22절을 구문론과 의미론으로 비교 분석하였다. 비교 분석의 결과 ‘서술형 사고패턴’ 내에서 ‘1인칭 자기보도’ (Ich- Bericht)-‘3인칭 서술’(Er-Beschreibung)-‘2인칭 화법’(Du-Rede)으로 문체가 전환됨(Stilwechsel)이 밝혀졌다. 이러한 문체전환을 통해 관찰자는 독자들에게 설득력 있는 지식(또는 지혜)을 확립(Feststellung)해 주고 있다. 전도서의 저자는 이러한 지식(또는 지혜)의 확립을 위해 독자의 인식을 깨우치는 수사적인 장치로 ‘공시화’라고 하는 기법을 사용하고 있다. 결론적으로, 본 연구는 ‘서술형 사고패턴’의 재구성을 통해서 전도서가 구약 지혜문학의 전통의 계승자이자 혁신자임을 밝혔다.
Abstract
This study is presented as a summary of the recent trend of researches in Ecclesiastes, and points out the limit of dialectical theology as its hermeneutical premise. To resolve the unique character of the formal development of themes in Ecclesiastes, the researcher re-constructs the utilization of the “Descriptive-Think-Pattern” idea. In the opinion of the writer, its foundation is laid as the framework ‘Observe-Think-Establish’. This Think-Pattern belongs to a method of the Old Testament’s traditional wisdom. Additionally, the writer verifies this pattern by comparing and analyzing the Bible passages, Proverbs 24:30-34 and Ecclesiastes 3:16-22, which can be regarded as representative examples of the “Descriptive-Think-Pattern” idea. As a result, narration style changes are also revealed, as developments from first-person report to third-person description and then to second-person narrative are in turn seen throughout. Through this tendency of narrative style changes, their author strives for persuasive knowledge and insight to be handed over to the readers. Besides, to ensure the transfer of this knowledge and wisdom, the author uses ‘Synchronization Methods’ as rhetorical tools to awaken the perception of the readers. Through studying the “Descriptive-Think-Pattern,” this study illuminates the importance and prevalence of the tradition of Ecclesiastes in relation to the wisdom literature in the Old Testament. In conclusion, the writer takes the view that the Preacher is a successor and innovator of the wisdom tradition of the Old Testament.
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