시편 1권에 나타난 창조 주제의신학적/해석학적 기능
The Theological and Hermeneutical Function of the Creation Theme in Book I of the Psalter(Psalms 1-41)
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창조는 시편의 중요한 신학적 주제 중 하나임에도 불구하고 최근까지 학자들로부터 많은 주목을 받지 못했다. 비록 최근 들어 시편에 나타난 창조 주제의 중요성이 강조되기 시작했지만, 시편 전체의 문맥 속에서의 창조 주제에 대한 포괄적인 연구는 아직까지 제대로 이루어지지 않았다. 이에 본 소고는 시편 전체에서, 특별히 시편 1권에서 창조 주제가 어떠한 신학적/해석학적 기능을 하고 있는 지 살펴보고자 시도한다. 이를 위해 저자는 먼저 창조를 다루는 시편들, 시 8, 19, 33편이 시편 1권의 구조에서 전략적으로 중요한 위치에 배열되어 시편 1권의 메시지를 탄식에서 소망으로 바꾸어 가는 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 증명한다. 더 나아가 세 시편 모두 하나님이 이 세상을 창조하였을 뿐만 아니라(처음 창조, creatio prima) 창조한 모든 피조물을 계속해서 다스리시고 보존하신다(계속되는 창조, creatio continua 혹 은 gubernatio mundi)는 사실을 선포함으로써 모든 피조물을 통치하고 다스리시는 왕이신 여호와 하나님을 찬양하는 시편 4-5권을 예견하고 있음을 주장한다. 또한 시편 1권의 정경적 형태에서 창조 주제는 인간의 역할을 점점축소시킴과 동시에 통치자이자 주권자이신 왕이신 여호와를 더욱 부각시키고 있음을 밝힌다. 결론적으로 본 소고는 시편 1권의 창조 주제가 시편의 최종 형태에서 시편 전체의 메시지를 전개하는 데 있어 매우 중요한 역할을 하고 있음을 보여주고 있다.
Abstract
Creation is one of the important theological themes in the Old Testament, especially in the book of Psalms. However, until recently, the theme of creation has received relatively little attention in Psalms scholarship. There has been no comprehensive studies on the creation theme in the Psalter have yet completed. This study thus attempts to investigate the theological and hermeneutical function of the creation theme in the Psalter, in particular Book I. The psalms’ dealings with creation are concentrated within Book I and Books IV-V, thereby indicating the importance of the creation theme in the final form of the Psalter. More specifically, it is no coincidence that not only do Psalms 8, 19, 29 each stand at the centers of the first three collections of Book I, but also that Psalm 33 closes its third collection. By making thematic and linguistic connections, Psalms 8, 19, and 33 proclaim that God not only created the universe (creatio prima), but also continues to rule and preserve his creation (creatio continua or gubernatio mundi), thereby foreshadowing Books IV-V, which primarily praise the Lord as sovereign king over all creation. They not only provide a hopeful tone to readers who are in a disoriented world by reminding the readers of the well-ordered world, but also encourage them to praise or witness to God’s majesty as the rest of creation does. In addition, when they use the creation theme in connection with humanity, they often emphasize the frailty of humanity and its limitations. In other words, the creation theme in Book I of Psalter is canonically shaped to gradually lessen the humanistic view of the role of humanity and emphasize Yahweh as a sovereign king. Therefore, all three creation themed psalms play leading roles in orienting Book I toward Books IV-V. This study makes a case that the creation theme plays a significant role in the shaping of the Psalter, in particular Book I, contributing its overall message.
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