척수손상인의 적응과정에 관한 근거이론적 접근
A Ground Theory Approach to the Adaptation Process of the Spinal Cord Injured Persons
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목적: 척수장애인이 갑작스러운 사고 이후의 겪는 경험을 규명하고 적응 과정을 설명하기 위함이다. 방법: 연구대상은 척수손상인 15명이다. 연구방법은 질적연구 방법인 근거이론을 사용하였다. 자료분석은 근거이론 방법의 절차를 따랐다. 자료수집은 2009년 3월부터 9월까지 진행하였다. 면담횟수는 참여자 1인에 대하여 2회부터 4회까지 개별 면담을 시행하였다. 결과: 개방코딩으로 36개의 개념과 20개의 범주가 도출됐다. 이러한 범주들을 종합하여 ‘척수손상인으로서 새로운 자아를 만들어가기’를 핵심범주로 선택하였다. 패러다임 모형 결과에 따른 유형분석으로 현실 도피형, 소극적 대처형, 현실 유지형, 현실 극복형, 자아성취형으로 분류됐다. 결론: 연구 결과 척수장애인의 가족 지지는 재활 동기와 적응에 중요한 요인이었고, 장애 수용은 주로 자조집단을 통한 관계에서 이루어졌다. 그러므로 척수장애인의 성공적인 장애 적응을 위해서는 동료집단을 통한 간호중재가 지속적으로 이루어져야 한다.
Abstract
Purpose: This study is a qualitative research on the adaptation of the spinal cord injury after fortuitous the accident. Methods: The subjects are fifteen spinal cord injuries. As a study method, this author employed Grounded theory, one of the qualitative research methods. For data analysis, the procedures of Grounded theory methodology was adopted, and then the data collection were collected for six months from March to September 2009. Concerning the frequence of interviewing, each participants went through individual interviewing twice at least and up to four times if necessary. Results: As a result of open coding, total thirty six concepts and twenty categories were drawn. To synthesize these categories, they came to choose ‘Going into the new self-made spinal cord injury’ as a nuclear category. Typological analysis based on the result of the paradigm model divided them into a reality-avoiding, passive coping, reality-maintaining, reality-overcoming, and self-fulfillment type. Conclusion: As a result of this study, family support to those with spinal cord disability is an important factor for their motive for rehabilitation and adjustment, spinal disabilities were accepted to mostly the disabilities in relations with colleagues. Thus it is necessary to give them a nursing intervention through disability group for successful adjustment to life with disability.
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