출산 여성의 양육 스트레스에 미치는 영향: 전향적 연구

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to identify the psychological and physical factors influencing parenting stress among postpartum women. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis of longitudinal data collected up to 6 months postpartum from 318 women in their third trimester of pregnancy who visited the outpatient clinics for prenatal care at two women’s specialty hospitals in the Busan area. The first data collection began in March 2023. A total of 149 participants who completed surveys at both time points were included: 4–6 weeks postpartum (measuring postpartum depression, postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder, resilience, and women’s health status) and 6 months postpartum (measuring parenting stress). Data were analyzed using t-tests, chi-square tests, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results: The mean parenting stress score was 5.35 out of 10. Factors significantly influencing parenting stress were postpartum depression, resilience, and maternal health status. Specifically, lower postpartum depression, higher resilience, and better maternal health status were associated with lower levels of parenting stress. Conclusion: The findings indicate that alleviating postpartum depression, enhancing resilience, and maintaining good health status are essential to reducing parenting stress. Therefore, healthcare professionals should perform early screening and continuous management of postpartum depression from the early postpartum period, provide education and support to strengthen resilience, and encourage participation in postpartum education and social support programs to promote good health status.